Fig. 5. Increased vegetative biomass in ZmUBI_pro:ZmGLK1 and ZmUBI_pro:ZmG2 transgenic lines grown in Beijing and Hainan.

a–f Phenotypic parameters measured in the field experiment in Beijing, May 2018 to September 2018. All data were calculated from at least 20 independent rice plants. Data are mean ± SE. g–l Phenotypic parameters measured in the field experiment in Hainan, December 2017 to April 2018. g, h, l were calculated from at least 20 independent rice plants. i, j, k were calculated from at least five independent rice plants. CK = null segregants isolated from selfed heterozygous transgenic plants. Box and whisker plots show median (line) and outliers (black dots (•)). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 compared with WT according to a two-tailed Student’s t test.