Table 4.

Demographic, laboratory, and clinical data of the 59 pSS criteria patients: comparison between patients with and without pathological SGU findings.

	Total	Pathological SGU	Normal SGU	p
	n = 59	n = 31	n = 28
Age at disease onset, years (n = 56)	48.1 ± 12.6	50.5 ± 11.8	45.5 ± 13.1	0.142
Female	56 (94.9)	30 (96.8)	26 (92.9)	0.599
Disease duration, years (n = 56)	13.7 ± 6.7	12.0 ± 4.5	15.6 ± 8.2	0.049
ESSDAI	1.27 ± 1.64	1.77 ± 1.84	0.71 ± 1.18	0.012
Elevated ESR	30 (50.8)	13 (41.9)	17 (60.7)	0.150
Lymphoma	2 (3.4)	1 (3.2)	1 (3.6)	1.000
Autoimmune thyroiditis	20 (33.9)	13 (41.9)	7 (25.0)	0.170
Parotid swelling	4 (6.8)	3 (9.7)	1 (3.6)	0.614
Extraglandular involvement	46 (78.0)	26 (83.9)	20 (71.4)	0.250
Articular involvement	34 (57.6)	22 (71.0)	12 (42.9)	0.029
Cutaneous	17 (28.8)	8 (25.8)	9 (32.1)	0.592
Pulmonary	1 (1.7)	0 (0.0)	1 (3.6)	0.475
Renal	1 (1.7)	1 (3.2)	0 (0.0)	1.00
Neurological	6 (10.2)	2 (6.5)	4 (14.3)	0.409
Hematological	21 (35.6)	10 (32.3)	11 (39.3)	0.573

Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation or n (%).

pSS: primary Sjögren’s syndrome; SGU: salivary gland ultrasound; ESSDAI: European League Against Rheumatism Sjögren’s syndrome disease activity index; ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate.