Table 2.
Host-targeting antivirals against chikungunya virus.
| Antiviral agent | Mechanism of action | In vitro efficacy | In vivo efficacy | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| dec-RVKR-cmk | Inhibition of virus maturation via inhibition of cellular furins | Inhibition of CHIKV infection in human muscle satellite cells | Not determined | Ozden et al. (2008) |
| Prostratin and TPA | Not determined. Prostratin and TPA are protein kinase C activators | Inhibition of CHIKV-induced CPE in Vero A cells (EC50 = 2.6 μM, EC50 PMA = 0.0029 μM) | Not determined | Bourjot et al. (2012) |
| Kinase inhibitors | Inhibition of kinases involved in apoptosis | Reduction of the number of apoptotic blebs in infected HuH-7 cells with moderate reduction of infectious virus yield | Not determined | Cruz et al. (2013) |
| HSP-90 inhibitors (HS-10 and SNX-2112) | Not determined. HSP-90 was found to interact with CHIKV nsP3 and nsP4 | Reduction of CHIKV infection in a dose-dependent manner in HEK-293T cells | Reduction of viral titers in the serum of infected SvA129 mice at 48 h post-infection and protection against inflammation | Rathore et al. (2014) |
| Polyinosinic acid:polycytidylic acid | Stimulation of IFN-α, IFN-β and antiviral genes such as OAS and MxA | Inhibition of CHIKV-induced CPE in human bronchial epithelial cells | Not determined | Li et al. (2012) |
| RIG-I agonists | Stimulation of immune response | Inhibition of CHIKV-induced CPE in MRC-5 cells and reduction of virus titers | Not determined | Olagnier et al. (2014) |