Table 1.
Demographic and physical characteristics of study participants
| Parameter | Gender |
Total | Significant (P) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female, n (%) | Male, n (%) | |||
| Age (years) | 54.9±8.5 | 57.6±9.8 | 56.16±9.2 | 0.08 |
| ≤45 | 24 (13.6) | 21 (14.0) | 45 (13.8) | 0.02 |
| 46-55 | 69 (39.9) | 39 (26.0) | 108 (33.0) | |
| 56-65 | 72 (40.7) | 66 (44.0) | 138 (42.2) | |
| 66-75 | 9 (5.1) | 21 (14.0) | 30 (9.2) | |
| >75 | 3 (1.7) | 3 (2.0) | 6 (1.8) | |
| Marital status | ||||
| Married | 129 (72.9) | 144 (96.0) | 273 (83.5) | <0.001 |
| Widowed | 45 (25.4) | 6 (4.0) | 51 (15.6) | |
| Divorced | 3 (1.7) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (0.9) | |
| Education | ||||
| None | 21 (11.9) | 0 (0.0) | 21 (6.4) | <0.001 |
| Primary | 63 (35.6) | 36 (24.0 | 99 (30.30 | |
| Secondary | 27 (15.3) | 24 (16.0) | 51 (15.6) | |
| Tertiary | 66 (37.3) | 90 (60.0) | 156 (47.7) | |
| Occupation | ||||
| Unemployed | 33 (18.6) | 6 (4.0) | 39 (11.6) | <0.001 |
| Retired | 39 (22.0) | 39 (26.0) | 78 (23.9) | |
| Unskilled workers | 48 (27.1) | 18 (12.0) | 66 (20.2) | |
| Semi-skilled workers | 9 (5.1) | 9 (6.0) | 18 (5.5) | |
| Public servants | 48 (27.1) | 63 (42.0) | 111 (33.9) | |
| Business/politics | 0 (0.0) | 15 (10.0) | 15 (4.6) | |
| High risk for OSA | 96 (54.2) | 66 (44.0) | 162 (49.5) | 0.065 |
| Alcohol use | 21 (12.1) | 39 (26.0) | 60 (18.5) | 0.001 |
| Hypertension | 126 (71.2) | 75 (50.0) | 201 (61.5) | <0.001 |
| Poorly controlled BP | 108 (61.0) | 84 (56.0) | 192 (58.7) | 0.359 |
| Obesity | 78 (44.8) | 30 (20.0) | 108 (33.3) | <0.001 |
| Truncal obesity | 147 (83.1) | 33 (22.0) | 180 (55.0) | P<0.001 |
| Duration of diabetes (years) | 8.47±4.8 | 8.00±5.8 | 8.26±5.25 | 0.424 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 29.00±3.5 | 26.3±5.8 | 27.76±4.2 | <0.001 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 96.94±7.9 | 94.10±11.0 | 95.62±9.55 | <0.001 |
| Neck circumference (cm) | 34.9±2.2. | 38.6±3.1 | 36.6±3.3 | <0.001 |
OSA – Obstructive sleep apnea; BP – Blood pressure; BMI – Body mass index