Table 1.
Half-maximal cytotoxic concentration (CC50), the half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) and minimal selectivity indexes (SI) for selected broad-spectrum antivirals. CTxG - CellTox Green Express cytotoxicity assay, CTG - CellTiter-Glo viability assay, other – plaque assay or reporter gene expression assay, n.a. – not available.
| Antiviral agent | Virus | Cells | CC50 (μM) |
EC50 (μM) |
SI | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CTxG | CTG | CTxG | CTG | other | ||||
| Azacitidine | RVFV | A549 | n.a. | >100 | n.a. | n.a. | 11,42 | >9 |
| BCX4430 | ZIKV | RPE | >30 | >30 | 2,96 | 18,47 | 13,12 | >2 |
| Bortezamib | RVFV | A549 | n.a. | >100 | n.a. | n.a. | <0,39 | >256 |
| Chloroquine | ZIKV | RPE | >30 | >30 | n.a. | 7,25 | n.a. | >4 |
| Chloroquine | CHIKV | RPE | >30 | >30 | 9,15 | 12,81 | 16,84 | >2 |
| Cyclosporine | RVFV | A549 | n.a. | 13,45 | n.a. | n.a. | 5,78 | >2 |
| Dalbavancin | EV1 | RPE | >30 | >30 | 18,73 | 3,23 | 9,72 | >2 |
| Dibucaine | EV1 | RPE | >30 | >30 | 2,05 | n.a. | 0,96 | >15 |
| Ezetimibe | ZIKV | RPE | >30 | >30 | 0,09 | n.a. | n.a. | >333 |
| Ezetimibe | HIV-1 | TZM-bl | >30 | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | 13,19 | >2 |
| Fluoxatine | EV1 | RPE | 7,33 | 4,02 | 0,72 | 0,34 | 2,16 | 2 |
| Gemcitabine | FLUAV | RPE | >30 | >30 | 1,02 | 0,25 | 0,89 | >29 |
| Gemcitabine | EV1 | RPE | >30 | >30 | 0,08 | n.a. | 6,96 | >4 |
| Gemcitabine | ZIKV | RPE | 21,78 | >30 | 0,07 | 0,92 | n.a. | 23 |
| Gemcitabine | HSV-1 | RPE | >30 | >30 | n.a. | 0,05 | n.a. | >500 |
| Hydroxychloroquine | ZIKV | RPE | >30 | >30 | 0,06 | 22,99 | n.a. | >1 |
| Lopinavir | ZIKV | RPE | >30 | >30 | n.a. | 12,01 | 24,08 | >1 |
| Minocycline | RVFV | A549 | n.a. | >100 | n.a. | n.a. | 9,52 | >11 |
| Minocycline | HIV-1 | TZM-bl | >30 | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | 6,84 | >6 |
| Mycophenolic acid | CHIKV | RPE | >30 | >30 | 0,08 | n.a. | 0,09 | >333 |
| Mycophenolic acid | RRV | RPE | >30 | >30 | n.a. | 3,19 | 0,86 | >9 |
| Oritavancin | RVFV | A549 | n.a. | 75,81 | n.a. | n.a. | 4,49 | >17 |
| Pirlindole | EV1 | RPE | >30 | 28,52 | 2,71 | n.a. | 8,92 | 11 |
| Rapamycin | HIV-1 | TZM-bl | >30 | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | 18,86 | >1 |
| Ritonavir | RVFV | A549 | n.a. | >100 | n.a. | n.a. | 26,8 | >4 |