Table 1.
Sociodemographic characteristics according to anemia status of geriatric subjects
| Parameters | Normal and mild anemia (n=331) (%) | Moderate and severe anemia (n=627) (%) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | |||
| 60-70 | 198 (34.7) | 372 (65.3) | 0.941 |
| 70-80 | 95 (33.8) | 186 (66.2) | |
| ≥80 | 38 (35.5) | 69 (64.5) | |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 171 (48.9) | 179 (51.1) | <0.001† |
| Female | 160 (26.3) | 448 (73.7) | |
| Community | |||
| Others | 270 (34.8) | 505 (65.2) | 0.700 |
| SC/ST/OBC | 61 (33.3) | 122 (66.7) | |
| Religion | |||
| Christian/Muslim/Sikh | 8 (50.0) | 8 (50.0) | 0.190 |
| Hindu/Jain | 323 (34.3) | 619 (65.7) | |
| Marital status | |||
| Married | 222 (39.1) | 345 (60.9) | <0.001† |
| Single/divorced/separated | 109 (27.9) | 282 (72.1) | |
| Occupation | |||
| Skilled | 106 (46.5) | 122 (53.5) | <0.001† |
| Unskilled worker | 74 (34.3) | 142 (65.7) | |
| Unemployed | 151 (29.4) | 363 (70.6) | |
| Education | |||
| High school certificate and above | 71 (53.8) | 61 (46.2) | <0.001† |
| Middle school certificate | 34 (36.6) | 59 (63.4) | |
| Primary school certificate | 81 (34.8) | 152 (65.2) | |
| Illiterate | 145 (29.0) | 355 (71.0) | |
| Income (INR) | |||
| 13,874 and above | 50 (38.1) | 81 (61.8) | 0.131 |
| 9,249-13,873 | 28 (37.8) | 46 (62.2) | |
| 5547-9248 | 50 (35.2) | 92 (64.8) | |
| 1866-5546 | 116 (29.8) | 273 (70.2) | |
| ≤1865 | 87 (39.2) | 135 (60.8) | |
| SES | |||
| Lower SES | 220 (32.0) | 468 (68.0) | 0.024§ |
| Middle SES | 103 (40.7) | 150 (59.3) | |
| Upper SES | 8 (47.1) | 9 (52.9) | |
| Household fuel | |||
| Smokeless fuel (electricity/LPG) | 206 (40.5) | 302 (59.5) | <0.001† |
| Smoke-producing fuel (wood/coal) | 125 (27.8) | 325 (72.2) | |
| Dietary pattern | |||
| Nonvegetarian | 142 (32.7) | 292 (67.3) | 0.517 |
| Eggetarian | 17 (38.6) | 27 (61.4) | |
| Vegetarian | 172 (35.8) | 308 (64.2) | |
| Body mass index | |||
| ormal | 165 (35.0) | 306 (65.0) | 0.001‡ |
| Underweight | 63 (25.5) | 184 (74.5) | |
| Overweight/obese | 93 (42.5) | 126 (57.5) | |
| Mini-nutritional assessment | |||
| Normal nutritional status | 93 (44.3) | 117 (55.7) | 0.003§ |
| At risk of malnutrition | 189 (31.9) | 403 (68.1) | |
| Malnourished | 40 (29.8) | 94 (70.2) | |
| Presence of self-reported hyperacidity | |||
| No | 257 (37.7) | 424 (62.3) | 0.001‡ |
| Yes | 74 (26.7) | 203 (73.3) | |
| Utilization of healthcare facilities | |||
| Regular visit to the healthcare facility (at least once in a month) | 107 (38.6) | 170 (61.4) | 0.001‡ |
| Irregular visit to the healthcare facility (once in a year) | 216 (34.8) | 405 (65.2) | |
| Never visited healthcare facility | 8 (13.3) | 52 (86.7) | |
SES: socioeconomic status, †Signifies P<0.001, ‡Signifies P<0.01, §Signifies P<0.05