Table 1.

Selected Cases of Adult Survivors of Acanthamoeba Encephalitis in the last 20 years

First Author; Year of Publication	Age/gender*	Immunocompromised state/risk factors-Yes/No	Clinical features	Diagnostic test	Imaging features	Treatment	Follow-up after treatment completion
Sahly et al.[18]; 2017	38/M	Yes (HIV infection)	Headache	amebic forms on H and E stain; positive CSF PCR	Ring-enhancing lesion on MRI	miltefosine, fluconazole, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, flucytosine for 7 months	5 months
Webster et al.[16]; 2012	38/M	No	Tinnitus, seizures	Brain biopsy H and E stain and PCR	Temporal lobe lesion	Surgical excision; voriconazole, miltefosine; 3 months	3 years
Lackner et al.[19];2010	17/M	No	NM**	CSF	NM	meropenem, linezolid, moxifloxacin, fluconazole	NM
Sheng et al.[20]; 2009	63/M	Yes (h/o falling into ditch and aspirating water)	Headache, vomiting	CSF Wet-mount smear and Giemsa- trophozoites; CSF PCR	Cerebral lesions; leptomeningeal enhancement	Amphotericin B, rifampicin; 4 weeks	NM
Aichelburg et al.[21]; 2008	25/M	No	Fever, ataxia, cutaneous ulcers	CSF Acanthamoeba PCR	Multiple ring-enhancing lesions in cortex and brainstem	Trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole changed to sulfadiazine, fluconazole, miltefosine, amikacin; excision of cerebellar abscess	2 years
Fung et al.[22]; 2007	41/M	Yes (Liver transplant, diabetes mellitus)	Fever, seizures	Frontal lobectomy sample-cysts	Frontal lobe lesions	Surgical excision, rifampicin, trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole; 3 months	11 years
Petry et al.[23]; 2006	64/F	Yes (Diabetes mellitus, mid-facial fracture)	Headache	CSF culture	Pneumatocele	fluconazole, rifampin, metronidazole, sulfadiazine; 14 days.	1 month
Hamide et al.[24]; 2002	45/F	No	Fever, signs of meningeal irritation	CSF wet mount and Giemsa	Normal	Rifampicin, fluconazole, trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole, albendazole, ceftriaxone.	1 year

*M: Male, F: Female; **NM: Not mentioned