Table 2.
Antiviral activity of plant lectins against SARS-CoV and FIPV replication in Vero and Crandell Feline kidney cells
| Lectin | SARS-CoV |
FIPV |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EC50 (μg/ml) | CC50 (μg/ml) | SI | EC50 (μg/ml) | CC50 (μg/ml) | SI | |
| Mannose-specific agglutinins | ||||||
| HHA | 3.2 ± 2.8 | >100 | >31.3 | 2.6 ± 1.0 | >100 | >38.5 |
| GNA | 6.2 ± 0.6 | >100 | >16.1 | 3.9 ± ±2.2 | >100 | >25.6 |
| NPA | 5.7 ± 4.4 | >100 | >17.5 | 24 ± 5 | >100 | >4.2 |
| LRA | 48 | >100 | >2.1 | ind | >20 | na |
| APA | 0.45 ± 0.08 | >100 | >222.2 | 2.0 ± 0.3 | 17 ± 4 | 8.5 |
| AUA | 18 ± 4 | >100 | >5.5 | 16 ± 5 | >100 | >6.2 |
| ASA | >100 | >100 | na | >100 | >100 | na |
| ASA I | >100 | >100 | na | >100 | >100 | na |
| Col O | >60 | 63 ± 3 | na | 2.5 ± 0.6 | 12 ± 0 | 4.8 |
| CA | 4.9 ± 0.8 | >100 | >20 | 4.5 + 2.6 | >50 | >22 |
| LOA | 2.2 ± 1.3 | >100 | >45.5 | 0.7 ± 0.3 | >100 | >142.8 |
| EHA | 1.8 ± 0.3 | >100 | >55.5 | 1.6 ± 0.9 | >100 | >62.5 |
| TL M I | 22 ± 6 | >50 | >2.3 | ind | >50 | na |
| Morniga M II | 1.6 ± 0.5 | >100 | >62.5 | 2.9 ± 0.0 | 11 ± 1 | 3.8 |
| GlcNAc-specific agglutinins | ||||||
| PallGlcNac | >100 | >100 | na | >20 | 57 ± 1 | na |
| Nictaba | 1.7 ± 0.3 | >100 | >58.8 | 4.3 ± 1.9 | >100 | >23.2 |
| (GlcNAc)n-specific agglutinins | ||||||
| UDA | 1.3 ± 0.1 | >100 | >76.9 | 3.6 ± 2.3 | 15 ± 14 | 4.16 |
| Heveine | >100 | >100 | na | >100 | >100 | na |
| GalNAc-specific agglutinins | ||||||
| PMRIP t | >100 | >100 | na | >100 | >100 | na |
| BDA | >100 | >100 | na | >100 | >100 | na |
| Glechoma | >100 | >100 | na | >100 | >100 | na |
| Gal-specific agglutinins | ||||||
| Morniga G II | 50 ± 13 | >100 | >2 | 11 ± 2 | >100 | >9.1 |
| Jacalin | >100 | >100 | na | 25 ± 2 | >100 | >4 |
| Neu5Acα(2.6)Gal/GalNAc-specific agglutinins | ||||||
| SNA I | >100 | >100 | na | >100 | >100 | na |
| Man/Glc-specific agglutinins | ||||||
| Cladistris | 7.4 ± 0.2 | >100 | >13.5 | 17 ± 6 | >100 | >5.9 |
| Gal/GalNAc specific agglutinins | ||||||
| PMRIP m | 18 ± 13 | >100 | >5.5 | 60 ± 5 | >100 | >1.7 |
| ML II | 0.015 ± 0.003 | < 0.16 | na | >0.008 | 0.0022 ± 0.005 | na |
| GalNAc (>Gal) specific agglutinins | ||||||
| ML III | 28 ± 11 | >100 | >12.6 | >100 | >100 | na |
| GalNAcα(1,3)Gal > GalNAc > Gal-specific agglutinins | ||||||
| IRA | 2.2 ± 0.9 | 50 | 22.7 | >20 | >20 | na |
| IRA b | 4.4 ± 3.1 | 36 | 8.2 | >0.16 | 0.55 ± 0.23 | na |
| IRA r | 3.4 ± 2.0 | 55 | 16.2 | >0.16 | 0.49 ± 0.28 | na |
| Man/GalNAc-specific agglutinins | ||||||
| TL C II | 38 ± 0 | >50 | >1.3 | 21 ± 1 | >50 | >2.4 |
Man: mannose, GlcNac: N-acetyl glucosamine, GalNAc: N-acetyl galactosamine, Gal: galactose, Neu5Ac: N-acetylneuraminic acid, na: no activity, ind: indeterminable.