Table 2.

Descriptive statistics for herd-level predictors in the calf mortality dataset (174 herds) including the proportion of herds and mortality probability for each categorical variable.

Predictor		Proportion	Average of mortalitya
Cows due to calve and cows that have calved are together	(Yes)	0.37	0.037
	(No)	0.63	0.039
Heifers due to calve before rest of the cow herd	(Yes)	0.29	0.042
	(No)	0.71	0.037
Provide shelters for calves separate from cows and heifers	(Yes)	0.79	0.038
	(No)	0.21	0.041
Move cow-calf pairs to a nursery pasture within 48 h of birth	(Yes)	0.70	0.038
	(No)	0.30	0.040
Buy foster calves (Holstein bull calves)	(Yes)	0.10	0.038
	(No)	0.90	0.038
Were any animals purchased in the month prior to or during calving	(Yes)	0.76	0.039
	(No)	0.24	0.035
Cows vaccinated for E. coli prior to calving	(Yes)	0.49	0.040
	(No)	0.51	0.037
Heifers vaccinated for E. coli prior to calving	(Yes)	0.53	0.038
	(No)	0.47	0.038
Cows vaccinated for rota/corona virus prior to calving	(Yes)	0.50	0.038
	(No)	0.50	0.039
Heifers vaccinated for rota/corona virus prior to calving	(Yes)	0.53	0.037
	(No)	0.47	0.040

^aAverage of within herd mortality.