Table 2.
Broad-spectrum antiviral activity of imino sugars against multiple hemorrhagic fever viruses of Flaviviridae and Filoviridae families, in small animal models.
| Compound | Virus/family (virus strain) | Animal model | End point | Administration route | Efficacious dosea | Initiation, durationb | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DNJ derivatives | |||||||
| IHVR17028 IHVR19029 |
Marburg Filoviridae (Mouse adapted RAVV) | BALB/c mouse | Survival | i.p. | 50 mg/kg, bid 75 mg/kg, bid |
d−1, 10 days +4 h, 10 days |
Chang et al. (2013) |
| IHVR11029 IHVR17028 IHVR19029 |
Ebola Filoviridae (Mouse adapted ebolavirus) | C57Bl/6 mouse | Survival | i.p. | 25 mg/kg, bid 25 mg/kg, bid 75 mg/kg, bid |
+4 h, 10 days | Chang et al. (2013) |
| UV-4 | Dengue-2 Flaviviridae (S221) | AG129 mouse | Survival viremia | i.g. | 5–100 mg/kg, tid | d0 to +2, 7 days | Perry et al. (2013) |
| NB-DNJ | Dengue-2 Flaviviridae (D2S10) | AG129 mouse | Survival | i.p. | 500 mg/kg, bid 0.088 mg/kg, qd, formulated in liposome |
d0, 7 days | Miller et al. (2012) |
| CM-10-18 | Dengue-2 Flaviviridae (D2S10 and D2Y98P-rc) | AG129 mouse | Survival | Oral | 10–150 mg/kg, bid | d0, 3 days | Chang et al. (2011b) |
| CM-10-18 CM-9-78 |
Dengue-2 Flaviviridae (TSV01) | AG129 mouse | Viremia | Oral | 75 mg/kg, bid | d0, 3 days | Chang et al. (2011a) |
| NN-DNJ | Dengue-2 Flaviviridae (TSV01) | AG129 mouse | Viremia | oral | 75 mg/kg, bid | d0, 3 days | Schul et al. (2007) |
| NN-DNJ | Japanese Encephalitis Flaviviridae (RP-9) | ICR mouse | Survival | Oral | 200 mg/kg, qd | d−1 | Wu et al. (2002) |
| Castanospermine derivative | |||||||
| Bu-CAST | Dengue-2 Flaviviridae (S221) | AG129 mouse | survival viremia | i.p. | 25–50 mg/kg, bid | d0 to +2, 5 days | Rathore et al., 2011, Watanabe et al., 2012 |
| CAST | Dengue-2 Flaviviridae (S221) | AG129 mouse | Survival | i.p. | 50 mg/kg, bid | d0, 5 days | Watanabe et al. (2012) |
| Bu-CAST | Dengue-2 Flaviviridae (TSV01) | AG129 mouse | Viremia | Oral | 75 mg/kg, bid | d0, 3 days | Schul et al. (2007) |
| CAST | Dengue-2 Flaviviridae (mouse-adapted DEN-2) | A/J mouse | Survival | i.p. | 50–250 mg/kg, qd | d0, 10 days | Whitby et al. (2005) |
a
Doses protected at least 50% of lethal infection.
b
d − 1 = 1 day prior to infection; d0 = at the time of infection; d + 1 = 1 day post infection.