Table 1.

Representative studies that used microarrays for detection and profiling of pathogens from the US CDC Categories A, B and C

Biological agents	Associated diseases	DNA microarrays		Non-DNA-based microarrays
		Pathogen detection	Resequencing or strain typing	Pathogen detection	Seroprofiling or vaccine or therapeutic discovery
Category A
Bacillus anthracisa	Anthrax	17, 26	20, 28	43, 53	[64]
Clostridium botulinuma toxin	Botulism	[17]	-b	-	-
Yersinia pestisa	Plague	[17]	35, 36	[45]	62, 63
Variola major	Smallpox	-	-	-	58, 60, 61
Francisella tularensisa	Tularemia	[26]	20, 38, 39	45, 46, 51, 52	57, 58
Ebola virus	Ebola	[17]	[20]	-	-
Category B
Burkholderia pseudomalleia	Meliodosis	[23]	[37]	[54]	-
Burkholderia malleia	Glanders	[23]	[37]	[45]	-
Staphylococcusa enterotoxin B	Variety of symptomsc	[24]	-	-	-
Category C
Avian influenza (H5N1)	Influenza	24, 26, 45	[20]	-	65, 66
SARS-CoV	SARS	26, 30	20, 31, 32	[49]	55, 56

Abbreviations: H5N1, haemagglutinin 5 and neuramidase 1; SARS-CoV, severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus.

^aOrganism types for which DNA microarrays are available from the pathogen functional genomics resource centre (http://pfgrc.tigr.org).

^b‘-’ = no references identified.

^cDepending on route of exposure.