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Neighbor-joining trees based on the S (a), E, (b), M (c) and N (d) proteins of group I coronaviruses. Accession numbers of the strains used for phylogeny are reported in Table 2. The trees are rooted on the distantly related group I coronavirus HCoV-NL63 (accession no. NC_005831) and drawn to scale. A statistical support was provided by bootstrapping over 100 replicates. The scale bars represent the numbers of amino acid substitutions.
