Table 1. Baseline clinical characteristics.
| All patients (n = 160) | Patients without LVRR (n = 115) | Patients with LVRR (n = 45) | p-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 64.5 ± 14.9 | 65.6 ± 14.9 | 61.9 ± 14.6 | 0.166 | ||
| Male sex | 108 (67.5) | 78 (67.8) | 30 (66.7) | 1.000 | ||
| BSA (m2) | 1.8 ± 0.5 | 1.9 ± 0.6 | 1.7 ± 0.2 | 0.064 | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.5 ± 4.2 | 24.4 ± 4.3 | 24.7 ± 4.2 | 0.681 | ||
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 125.0 ± 19.8 | 124.3 ± 21.8 | 125.5 ± 16.2 | 0.859 | ||
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 76.7 ± 13.0 | 76.7 ± 13.9 | 76.9 ± 10.1 | 0.937 | ||
| Heart rate (bpm) | 76.9 ± 16.4 | 77.5 ± 16.7 | 75.9 ± 10.1 | 0.499 | ||
| LBBB | 26 (16.3) | 23 (20.0) | 3 (6.7) | 0.040 | ||
| Comorbidities | ||||||
| Hypertension | 71 (44.4) | 46 (40.0) | 25 (55.6) | 0.075 | ||
| Diabetes mellitus | 50 (31.3) | 37 (32.2) | 13 (28.9) | 0.687 | ||
| Dyslipidemia | 62 (38.8) | 38 (33.0) | 24 (53.3) | 0.018 | ||
| CKD | ||||||
| Normal to stage 1 | 137 (85.6) | 96 (83.5) | 41 (91.1) | 0.454 | ||
| Stage 2 | 16 (10.0) | 13 (11.3) | 3 (6.7) | 0.454 | ||
| Stage 3 | 7 (4.4) | 6 (5.2) | 1 (2.2) | 0.454 | ||
| Smoking | 36 (22.5) | 26 (22.6) | 10 (22.2) | 0.958 | ||
| Medication | ||||||
| ACE-I/ARBs | 132 (82.5) | 91 (79.1) | 41 (91.1) | 0.073 | ||
| β-Blockers | 99 (61.9) | 71 (61.7) | 28 (62.2) | 0.955 | ||
| Ivabradine | 61 (38.1) | 44 (38.2) | 17 (37.8) | 0.955 | ||
| MRA | 84 (52.5) | 64 (55.7) | 20 (44.4) | 0.202 | ||
| Statin | 72 (45.0) | 46 (40.0) | 26 (57.8) | 0.042 | ||
Data are presented as mean ± SD, n (%), or median (inter-quartile range).
ACE-I: angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibitor, ARB: angiotensin II receptor blocker, BMI: body mass index, BP: blood pressure, BSA: body surface area, CKD: chronic kidney disease, LBBB: left bundle branch block, LVRR: left ventricular reverse remodeling, MRA: mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist.