Table 6. Cox regression analysis for LV reverse remodeling.
| Variables | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | 95% CI | p-value | HR | 95% CI | p-value | |
| Age | 0.993 | 0.973–1.013 | 0.465 | 1.000 | 0.974–1.026 | 0.974 |
| Female sex | 1.054 | 0.567–1.959 | 0.869 | 0.859 | 0.380–1.944 | 0.716 |
| LBBB | 5.066 | 1.567–16.376 | 0.007 | 1.808 | 0.519–6.300 | 0.352 |
| ACE-I/ARBs | 1.686 | 0.586–4.849 | 0.332 | 4.031 | 1.155–14.075 | 0.029 |
| β-Blockers | 1.285 | 0.188–1.927 | 0.337 | 1.692 | 0.839–3.697 | 0.173 |
| Ivabradine | 0.579 | 0.290–1.159 | 0.123 | 1.328 | 0.147–1.733 | 0.107 |
| MRA | 1.273 | 0.705–2.297 | 0.423 | 1.607 | 0.869–3.196 | 0.136 |
| LVEDDI | 0.994 | 0.948–1.042 | 0.798 | 1.329 | 0.985–1.792 | 0.062 |
| LVESDI | 0.993 | 0.944–1.045 | 0.782 | 0.689 | 0.494–0.960 | 0.028 |
| LVEF | 0.972 | 0.928–1.018 | 0.227 | 1.058 | 0.983–1.240 | 0.178 |
| LV GLS | 1.411 | 1.240–1.605 | <0.001 | 1.474 | 1.170–1.856 | 0.001 |
| LA volume index | 0.918 | 0.880–0.957 | <0.001 | 0.966 | 0.922–1.012 | 0.143 |
| E/e′ ratio | 0.921 | 0.874–0.971 | 0.002 | 0.958 | 0.890–1.031 | 0.255 |
| Significant MR | 0.851 | 0.466–1.551 | 0.598 | |||
| RV FWLS | 1.002 | 0.959–1.048 | 0.919 | |||
ACE-I: angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibitor, ARB: angiotensin II receptor blocker, CI: confidence interval, GLS: global longitudinal strain, HR: hazard ratio, LA: left atrium, LBBB: left bundle branch block, LV: left ventricular, LVEDDI: LV end-diastolic diameter index, LVEF: LV ejection fraction, LVESDI: LV end-systolic diameter index, MR: mitral regurgitation, MRA: mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, RV: right ventricular, RV FWLS: RV free-wall longitudinal strain.