Table 1.

RNA chaperones involved in virus life cycle

Proteina	Virusb	Function	Reference
Virus encoded
NC	Retrovirus	Reverse transcription, template switch	Levin et al. (2005)
SdAg	HDV	Replication	Huang et al. (2003)
Core	Flaviviridae	Replication	Ivanyi-Nagy et al. (2008)
N	Coronavirus	RNA synthesis	Zuñiga et al. (2007)
N	Hantavirus	Replication	Mir and Panganiban (2006a)
3AB	Poliovirus	Replication, recombination	DeStefano and Titilope (2006)
Vif	HIV-1	Temporal regulation of reverse transcription	Henriet et al. (2007)
Tat	HIV-1	Viral DNA transcription	Kuciak et al. (2008)
Host factors
PTB	Picornavirus, HCV, coronavirus, calicivirus	Translation, RNA synthesis	Anderson et al. (2007); Domitrovich et al. (2005); Karakasiliotis et al. (2006); Shi and Lai (2005)
hnRNP A1	Coronavirus	RNA synthesis	Shi and Lai (2005)
La	HCV, poliovirus	Translation, replication	Domitrovich et al. (2005)
Unr	HRV-2	Translation	Hunt et al. (1999)
PARBP33	ASBVd	Replication	Daros and Flores (2002)

^aNC, nucleocapsid protein; SdAg, small delta antigen; N, nucleocapsid protein; Vif, viral infectivity factor; Tat, transcription activation factor; PTB, polypyrimidine tract-binding protein; hnRNP A1, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1; Unr, upstream of N-ras.

^bHDV, hepatitis delta virus; HIV-1, human immunodeficiency virus-1; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HRV-2, human rhinovirus-2; ASBVd, avocado sunblotch viroid.