Table I.

Incidence of healthcare-associated infections and the proportion by site and pathogen at the National Taiwan University Hospital, 1981–2007

Parameters	1981	2007	Average annual change, % (95% CI)	P-valuea
Total no. of discharges	25 074	91 234
Total no. of infections	1002	4125
Total no. of pathogens	1181	5081
Overall incidence, per 100 discharges	4.00	4.52	0.3 (−0.1 to 0.7)	0.1621
Site-specific infection
Surgical site
No. of episodes	374	279
Incidence, per 100 procedures	2.5	0.5	−6.1 (−7.2 to −5.0)	<0.0001
Proportion (%)	37.3	6.8
Urinary tract
No. of episodes	208	1340
Incidence, per 100 discharges	0.83	1.47	1.9 (1.2 to 2.5)	<0.0001
Proportion (%)	20.8	32.5
Respiratory
No. of episodes	100	347
Incidence, per 100 discharges	0.40	0.38	−1.0 (−1.7 to −0.3)	0.0083
Proportion (%)	10.0	8.4
Bloodstream
No. of episodes	98	1714
Incidence, per 100 discharges	0.39	1.88	6.4 (5.5 to 7.4)	<0.0001
Proportion (%)	9.8	41.6
Others
No. of episodes	222	445
Incidence, per 100 discharges	0.89	0.49	−3.6 (−5.1 to −2.1)	<0.0001
Proportion (%)	22.2	10.8
Pathogens
Gram-positive aerobic bacteria
Incidence, per 100 discharges	0.91	1.25	1.1 (0.5 to 1.7)	0.0006
Proportion (%)	21.8	24.6
Gram-negative aerobic bacteria
Incidence, per 100 discharges	2.01	2.63	0.8 (0.3 to 1.2)	0.0018
Proportion (%)	65.5	57.5
Anaerobic bacteria
Incidence, per 100 discharges	0.34	0.16	−4.9 (−6.3 to −3.6)	<0.0001
Proportion (%)	10.5	3.1
Fungi
Incidence, per 100 discharges	0.09	0.79	7.0 (5.5 to 8.5)	<0.0001
Proportion (%)	1.9	14.6

CI, confidence interval.

^aNegative binomial regression was used to model the secular trends of the annual incidence.