Table 1.

Characteristics in subjects aged 65+ by continuity of care index group (N=1141).

Characteristics	%	Level of COCI (%)			P valuea
		<0.3 (n=254)	0.3-0.99 (n=644)	1 (n=243)
Total	100.0	22.3	56.4	21.3
Demographics at baseline
Gender					0.711
Female	38.7	36.6	39.6	38.7
Male	61.3	63.4	60.4	61.3
Age (mean ±SD)	74.4(6.2)	74.4(6.6)	74.4(5.8)	74.3(6.5)	0.985b
Insurance premium (USD)					0.767
< 667	38.2	40.2	38.0	36.6
667-1333	44.5	44.8	44.6	44.0
≥1333	17.3	15.0	17.4	19.4
Medical conditions
In preceding year
History of hypertension					0.654
No	66.4	64.2	67.4	66.3
Yes	33.6	35.8	32.6	33.7
History of diabetes					0.783
No	89.6	89.4	90.1	88.5
Yes	10.4	10.6	9.9	11.5
ED visits for asthma/COPD					0.313
No	88.6	86.6	88.5	91.0
Yes	11.4	13.4	11.5	9.1
Admissions for asthma/COPD					0.638
No	87.8	86.2	88.5	87.7
Yes	12.2	13.8	11.5	12.4
In the COC period
CCI (mean ±SD)	1.3(1.5)	1.4(1.6)	1.3(1.5)	1.2(1.4)	0.489b
No. of ambulatory visits					<.001
3-12	59.8	62.2	53.6	73.7
13-24	34.9	30.7	41.2	22.6
≥25	5.4	7.1	5.3	3.7
Healthcare outcome
ED visits for asthma/COPD					<.001
No	87.4	85.0	85.4	95.1
Yes*	12.6	15.0	14.6	4.9
Admissions for asthma/COPD					0.023
No	87.0	84.7	86.0	92.2
Yes**	13.0	15.4	14.0	7.8

COPD: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; COCI: continuity of care index; CCI: Charlson Comorbidity Index; ED: emergency department.

Overall COC mean=0.55(SD=0.3).

^aχ2 test for difference level of COCI.

^bOne-way ANOVA test.

^*P for trend <0.001.

^**P for trend <0.013.