Table 1.
Details concerning the TKR patients.
| T | P | P + BMP | P + BMP + PMP | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients | 47 | 40 | 148 | 67 | |
| Age | 70.62 ± 7.28 | 71.78 ± 6.52 | 71.07 ± 6.40 | 70.25 ± 6.92 | 0.683 |
| Gender [n (%)] | 0.765 | ||||
| M | 9 (19.1) | 11 (27.5) | 31 (20.9) | 16 (23.9) | |
| F | 38 (80.9) | 29 (72.5) | 117 (79.1) | 51 (76.1) | |
| BMI | 32.75 ± 4.38 | 31.60 ± 4.59 | 32.74 ± 5.05 | 32.30 ± 4.44 | 0.560 |
| ASA [n (%)] | 0.276 | ||||
| I | 4 (8.5) | 6 (15.0) | 6 (4.1) | 5 (7.5) | |
| II | 33 (70.2) | 27 (67.5) | 114 (77.0) | 53 (79.1) | |
| III | 10 (21.3) | 7 (17.5) | 28 (18.9) | 9 (13.4) | |
| Charlson index[n (%)] | 0.123 | ||||
| 1 | 27 (58.7) | 21 (52.5) | 95 (64.2) | 40 (59.7) | |
| 2 | 15 (32.6) | 18 (45.0) | 52 (35.1) | 24 (35.8) | |
| 3 | 4 (8.7) | 1 (2.5) | 1 (0.7) | 3 (4.5) | |
| Surgical time (min) | 86.36 ± 16.18 | 88.81 ± 16.29 | 89.46 ± 14.97 | 92.12 ± 14.32 | <0.001** |
| Anesthesia [n (%)] | <0.001** | ||||
| Spinal | 45 (95.7) | 40 (100.0) | 145 (98.0) | 57 (85.1) | |
| General | 2 (4.3) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (2.0) | 10 (14.9) | |
| Pre-operative Hb | 13.52 ± 1.32 | 13.83 ± 1.46 | 13.38 ± 1.22 | 13.58 ± 1.25 | 0.239 |
| Hb change | 2.56 ± 1.30 | 3.08 ± 1.22 | 2.22 ± 1.27 | 2.29 ± 1.02 | 0.001 |
| Blood loss (in litters) | 2.06 ± 0.68 | 1.49 ± 0.48 | 1.07 ± 0.23 | 1.12 ± 0.34 | <0.001** |
| Transfusion [n (%)] | 14 (29.8) | 19 (47.5) | 12 (8.2) | 5 (7.5) | <0.001** |
| LOS (days) | 5.57 ± 1.08 | 4.15 ± 0.83 | 3.92 ± 0.86 | 3.34 ± 1.18 | <0.001** |
T: Traditional stage, P: Physiotherapy and mobilization stage, P + BMP: Plus Blood management program, P + BMP + PMP: Plus Pain management program.
BMI: Body Mass Index.
ASA: American Society of Anesthesiology physical status classification system LOS: Length of stay.