Table 3.

Mechanical Ventilation and Respiratory Outcomes

	VLGAI		29- to 31-wk stratum		ELGAI
	Period 1 N = 91	Period 2 N = 72	Period 1 N = 43	Period 2 N = 30	Period 1 N = 48	Period 2 N = 42
MV in the first 72 h, n (%)	72 (79)	41 (57)*##	28 (65)	11 (37)*#	44 (92)	30 (71)*
Duration of MV within the first 72 h, h (median) [1st Qu; 3rd Qu]	13 [3–48]	7*# [0–30]	8 [0–17]	0 [0–13]	45 [9–72]	13** [0–43]
Duration of MV, d (median) [1st Qu; 3rd Qu]	1 [0–6]	1 [0–6]	0 [0–1]	0 [0–1]	5 [1–24]	4 [0–10]
Duration of NIV, d (median) [1st Qu; 3rd Qu]	27 [6–40]	27 [8–35]	13 [3–28]	13 [7–25]	37 [26–45]	32 [23–39]
HFO, n (%)	26 (29)	34 (48)*##	2 (5)	6 (21)#	24 (50)	28 (67)#
2nd dose of Surfactant, n (%)	19 (21)	6 (8)*##	2 (5)	1 (3)	17 (35)	5 (12)*##
INSURE Procedure, n (%)	2 (2)	11 (15)*##	0 (0)	5 (17)*	2 (4)	6 (14)
Postnatal Corticosteroids, n (%)	28 (31)	9 (13)*##	3 (7)	1 (3)	25 (52)	8 (19)*##

VLGAI Very low gestational age infants < 32 weeks, ELGAI Extremely low gestational age infants < 29 weeks, MV Mechanical ventilation, NIV Noninvasive ventilation, HFO High frequency oscillation, INSURE Intubation-surfactant-extubation; *: p < 0.05; **: p < 0.01; #: adjusted p < 0.05; ##: adjusted p < 0.01; *#: p and adjusted p < 0.05; *##: p and adjusted p < 0.01