Table 4.
Religiosity, migration generation, perceived discrimination and depressed mood in regular drinkers, by ethnicity
| Dutch | South Asian Surinamese | African Surinamese | Ghanaian | Turkish | Moroccan | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All, n | 3,772 | 1,042 | 1,710 | 615 | 476 | 175 | 7,790 |
| Religiosity, % | |||||||
| Non-religious [0] | 55.9 | 12.9 | 13.4 | 2.9 | 16.3 | 1.1 | 33.2 |
| Raised religiously, currently non-religious [0] | 33.0 | 15.9 | 16.4 | 14.9 | 17.0 | 18.4 | 24.5 |
| Currently religious, non-practicing [0] | 4.1 | 32.2 | 29.5 | 4.8 | 28.0 | 44.3 | 15.8 |
| Currently practicing religious [1] | 7.0 | 39.0 | 40.7 | 77.4 | 38.7 | 36.2 | 26.5 |
| Migration, % | |||||||
| First-generation migrant [1] | NA | 71.4 | 80.4 | 96.4 | 65.1 | 54.9 | 40.0 |
| Second-generation migrant [0] | NA | 28.6 | 19.6 | 3.6 | 34.9 | 45.1 | 11.6 |
| Perceived ethnic discrimination score, mean ± SD | 1.1±0.3 | 2.0±0.8 | 2.1±0.8 | 2.0±0.8 | 1.9±0.7 | 2.0±0.7 | 1.6±0.7 |
| Depressed mood (PHQ-9 10+), % | 5.9 | 16.3 | 9.8 | 10.2 | 21.4 | 27.4 | 9.9 |
| Men, n | 1,830 | 671 | 930 | 337 | 347 | 123 | 4,238 |
| Religiosity, % | |||||||
| Non-religious [0] | 56.1 | 12.6 | 14.3 | 3.1 | 12.6 | 0.8 | 30.9 |
| Raised religiously, currently non-religious [0] | 33.6 | 16.2 | 18.4 | 17.1 | 15.0 | 15.6 | 24.2 |
| Currently religious, non-practicing [0] | 3.8 | 29.7 | 29.7 | 5.2 | 25.7 | 38.5 | 16.4 |
| Currently practicing religious [1] | 6.5 | 41.4 | 37.6 | 74.6 | 46.7 | 45.1 | 28.5 |
| Migration, % | |||||||
| First-generation migrant [1] | NA | 72.3 | 82.0 | 96.7 | 68.9 | 65.0 | 44.7 |
| Second-generation migrant [0] | NA | 27.7 | 18.0 | 3.3 | 31.1 | 35.0 | 12.2 |
| Perceived ethnic discrimination score, mean ± SD | 1.1±0.3 | 2.0±0.8 | 2.2±0.8 | 2.0±0.8 | 2.0±0.7 | 2.1±0.8 | 1.7±0.8 |
| Depressed mood (PHQ-9 10+), % | 4.8 | 14.1 | 6.3 | 8.7 | 20.7 | 24.4 | 8.8 |
| Women, n | 1,942 | 371 | 780 | 278 | 129 | 52 | 3,552 |
| Religiosity, % | |||||||
| Non-religious [0] | 55.6 | 13.4 | 12.4 | 2.7 | 26.2 | 1.9 | 36.1 |
| Raised religiously, currently non-religious [0] | 32.5 | 15.3 | 14.0 | 12.1 | 22.2 | 25.0 | 24.7 |
| Currently religious, non-practicing [0] | 4.4 | 36.7 | 29.2 | 4.3 | 34.1 | 57.7 | 15.1 |
| Currently practicing religious [1] | 7.4 | 34.5 | 44.5 | 80.9 | 17.5 | 15.4 | 24.2 |
| Migration, % | |||||||
| First-generation migrant [1] | NA | 69.8 | 78.3 | 96.0 | 55.0 | 30.8 | 34.5 |
| Second-generation migrant [0] | NA | 30.2 | 21.7 | 4.0 | 45.0 | 69.2 | 10.9 |
| Perceived ethnic discrimination score, mean ± SD | 1.1±0.3 | 1.9± 0.7 | 2.0±0.7 | 1.9±0.8 | 1.7±0.6 | 1.7±0.5 | 1.5±0.7 |
| Depressed mood (PHQ-9 10+), % | 7.0 | 20.3 | 13.9 | 12.1 | 23.3 | 34.6 | 11.3 |
PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire-9; NA, not applicable.