Table 4.
Most recognizable pros and cons of inactivated and attenuated vaccines
| Inactivated vaccines | Attenuated vaccines | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| PROS | CONS | PROS | CONS |
| No risk of infection | May potentiate disease (paramyxovirus, lentivirus, coronavirus vaccines) | Systemic and local immune activation. Humoral and cellular immune responses | Presence of adventitious agents |
| No residual adventitious agents | Parenteral administration (No mucosal immunity) | Durable immunity | May cause illness |
| Low rate of CTL responses | Effective immunity | May loose attenuation | |
| Low immunity | Low cost of production | Spread to contacts | |
| Need boosting doses | Easy administration | May loose infectivity | |
| Expensive manufacturing | Herd immunity (most if vaccine spreads) |
Storage limited Risk for pregnancy |
|
| Single dose administration | Interference with live virus (preexisting immunity). Presence of defective interfering particles | ||
| Discrimination of vaccinates and infected animals more difficult | |||
| Immunosuppression | |||