Table 15.
In vitro tests to determine the efficacy of alcohol-based hand sanitizers against viruses
| Type | Species | Product | Contact time | Log reduction | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Enveloped viruses | Herpes type A; influenza A2. | Ethanol 62% | 30 seconds | >5 | Hammond et al186 |
| Parainfluenza types 2 and 3; hepatitis A; influenza A2 | Ethanol 62% | 30 seconds | >4.1 to >5.0 | Fendler et al200 | |
| Nonenveloped viruses | Adenovirus type 2; rhinovirus types 14 and 37; coxsackie B3. | Ethanol 62% | 30 seconds | 1.25 to 2.75 | Fendler et al200 |
| Rhinovirus type 16 | Ethanol 62% | 30 seconds | >4.25 | Hammond et al186 Fendler et al200 | |
| Feline calicivirus (surrogate for norovirus) | 1-propanol 50%-70% | 30 seconds | >4 | Gehrke et al190 | |
| Ethanol 50% | 30 seconds | 2.19 | |||
| 1 minute | 3.65 | ||||
| Ethanol 70% | 30 seconds | 2.19 | |||
| 1 minute | >3.8 | ||||
| 2-propanol 50% | 30 seconds | 2.31 | |||
| 1 minute | 3.22 | ||||
| 2-propanol 70% | 30 seconds | 2.31 | |||
| 1 minute | 2.35 | ||||
| SARS coronavirus | Ethanol 85%-95% | 30 seconds | >4.25 | Rabenau et al202 |