Table 6.
Determinants of Tourist Arrivals in China – Cross Country Comparison.
| Asia |
Europe |
North America |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| pooling | pooling | pooling | pooling | pooling | pooling | |
| Constant | 101.191 (85.217) | 38.214 (79.954) | −63.044 (108.289) | −31.044 (106.487) | −465.511 (825.429) | −490.293 (816.154) |
| lnCPGDP | 0.041 (0.255) | 0.099 (0.252) | −0.099 (0.195) | 0.059 (0.190) | −0.204 (0.228) | −0.089 (0.225) |
| lnPOP | 0.091 (1.322) | 0.206 (1.323) | −0.030 (0.277) | −0.034 (0.274) | −143.067 (257.490) | −155.618 (254.993) |
| lnEXCH | −0.336 (1.080) | −0.239 (1.072) | 0.105 (0.692) | −0.056 (0.684) | −0.282 (0.902) | −0.427 (0.897) |
| lnDIS | 0.006 (0.347) | −0.067 (0.347) | −4.540*** (0.668) | −4.618*** (0.664) | −7.841*** (1.021) | −7.908*** (1.022) |
| lnACCOM | 0.487*** (0.082) | 0.521*** (0.079) | 0.530*** (0.074) | 0.580*** (0.073) | 0.679*** (0.086) | 0.714*** (0.086) |
| lnINFRA | 0.430*** (0.134) | 0.510*** (0.137) | −0.157 (0.101) | −0.142 (0.102) | 0.041 (0.117) | 0.052 (0.119) |
| lnCRIME | 0.203 (0.136) | 0.283** (0.139) | −0.240** (0.111) | −0.264** (0.112) | −0.098 (0.130) | −0.108 (0.132) |
| lnHR | −0.252 (0.272) | −0.227 (0.267) | 0.783*** (0.207) | 0.964*** (0.198) | 0.366 (0.240) | 0.502** (0.230) |
| SARS | −0.519*** (0.125) | −0.537*** (0.124) | −0.533*** (0.109) | −0.572*** (0.108) | −0.503*** (0.115) | −0.531*** (0.114) |
| lnFDI | 0.569*** (0.092) | 0.576** (0.090) | −0.072 (0.069) | −0.053 (0.067) | 0.008 (0.080) | 0.024 (0.079) |
| WHS | 0.111*** (0.040) | 0.092*** (0.031) | 0.064* (0.036) | |||
| 43A | 0.007 (0.004) | 0.017*** (0.003) | 0.013*** (0.004) | |||
| WHS-CUL | 0.165*** (0.040) | 0.042*** (0.007) | 0.030*** (0.008) | |||
| WHS-NAT | −0.086 (0.060) | 0.007* (0.004) | 0.005 (0.005) | |||
| Time | −0.059 (0.047) | −0.025 (0.043) | 0.057 (0.054) | 0.041 (0.054) | 1.506 (2.631) | 1.626 (2.604) |
| DAIRPORT | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| DCOUNTRY | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| R-square | 0.791 | 0.794 | 0.709 | 0.715 | 0.843 | 0.844 |
| # of provinces | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 |
| # of obs. | 312 | 312 | 624 | 624 | 312 | 312 |
Notes: Figures in parentheses are standard deviations. *, ** and *** represent significance at the 10%, 5% and 1% statistical levels, respectively.