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Antibody responses to SARS-CoV N protein induced by DNA vaccination with three different routes in mice. Animals were immunized intramuscularly (i.m.), by electroporation (i.e.), orally using live-attenuated Salmonella typhimurium (oral). Serum samples (8 per group) were taken on days 0, 14, 28, 42 and 56 days after the first immunization.
