Table 2.
Descriptive statistics for variables of New Zealand's domestic tourism (June 2009–July 2015).
| Time series and variables | Observations | Mean | Standard deviation | Maximum | Minimum | Skewness | Kurtosis |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ln(Domestic guest nights)it | 370 | 11.63 | 0.69 | 12.85 | 10.39 | -0.09 | 1.95 |
| (%) of Domestic guest nightsit | 370 | 55.39% | 13.22% | 78.18% | 23.20% | -0.52 | 2.45 |
| ln(LCC's ASK)it | 345 a | 16.68 | 0.74 | 17.97 | 0.74 | -0.10 | 1.94 |
| (%) of LCC's ASKit | 370 | 0.22 | 0.08 | 0.50 | 0.00 | -0.62 | 4.78 |
| ln(GDP per capita)t | 370 | 8.29 | 0.06 | 8.40 | 8.20 | 0.22 | 1.88 |
| ln(RTI-Accommodation)it | 370 | 4.55 | 0.21 | 5.05 | 4.01 | -0.19 | 2.66 |
| ln(RTI-Food & Beverage)it | 370 | 4.73 | 0.19 | 5.31 | 4.20 | 0.13 | 3.15 |
| ln(Aviation fuel price)t | 370 | 1.17 | 0.17 | 1.44 | 0.67 | -0.83 | 2.99 |
| ln(Petrol price)t | 370 | 0.70 | 0.09 | 0.80 | 0.50 | -0.97 | 2.45 |
| ln(HHI index)it | 370 | 8.81 | 0.14 | 0.921 | 8.52 | 1.30 | 5.18 |
| Exchange rate (NZD vs.USD)t | 370 | 0.78 | 0.06 | 0.87 | 0.64 | -0.53 | 2.47 |
| Global financial crisis 2008/09 | 370 | 0.09 | 0.29 | 1.00 | 0.00 | 2.77 | 8.68 |
| Christchurch earthquakes 2011 | 370 | 0.16 | 0.37 | 1.00 | 0.00 | 1.83 | 4.36 |
Remarks.
a
The total of 345 observations of ln(LCC's ASK)it is because the LCC (Jetstar) only started to provide low-cost flight services for Dunedin Airport from July 2011. Available seat kilometres (ASKs) equals the number of seats scheduled by an airline multiplied by the flying distance to a destination.