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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Rev Earth Environ. 2020 Aug 25;1(10):544–553. doi: 10.1038/s43017-020-0080-8

Figure 3. Soil ecosystem services management.

Figure 3

Four important roles of soil (plant production, water quality, human health, and climate mitigation) are listed at the top of the figure. Various management strategies, and their impacts on key soil properties and ecosystem services, are listed below.