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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Dec 21.
Published in final edited form as: J Exp Psychol Gen. 2019 Apr 25;148(12):2154–2180. doi: 10.1037/xge0000598

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Schematic overview of single-trace versus separate-trace accounts of intrusive and voluntary memory. The relationships between memory measure, memory expression, and memory systems are fleshed out in the text for each type of account. Our series of experiments aimed to rule out three key retrieval factors informed by single-trace accounts in three experiments. Examples of separate-trace accounts based on Bisby and Burgess (2017); Brewin (2014); Brewin et al. (1996); Brewin et al. (2010).