Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jan 15.
Published in final edited form as: Anesthesiology. 2017 Oct 1;127(4):645–657. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000001759

Table 3. Slow wave activity saturation on emergence from anesthesia.

Slow wave activity saturation (SWAS) fitting outcome is sub-categorized as graded or abrupt based on the slow wave emergence trajectory gradient. SWAS parameters represent the mean ±SD across participants. The table describes the hypnotic agent, whether any co-induction agents were present and the surgery details. Abbreviations: N/A, not applicable; Gyn, gynaecological; Gen, general surgical; Orth, orthopaedic, Vasc, vascular; Urol, urological.

Emergence STUDY 1 STUDY 3 STUDY 4
Anesthetic agent Propofol Desflurane Mixed
Co-induction agents No Yes Yes
Type of surgery N/A Gyn: 54; Gen: 37;
Orth: 11
Gyn: 129; Gen: 121;
Orth: 4;Vasc: 66; Urol:
30; Other: 4
Severity grading of surgery N/A 1: 0; 2: 51; 3: 51; 4: 0 1: 51; 2: 102; 3: 83; 4: 18
No of datasets 16 102 254
Successful fits 15 (94%) 71 (71%) 175 (69%)
1: Graded response 14 (88%) 50 (49%) 110 (43%)
2: Abrupt response 1 (6%) 21 (20%) 65 (26%)
Failed fits 1 (6%) 31 (31%) 79 (30%)
1: No plateau 1 (6%) 16 (16%) 42 (16%)
2: Flat response & EMG 0 (0%) 15 (15%) 37 (14%)
SWAS parameters
Pswas (dB) 19.9±4.0 18.1±3.7 16.7±4.8
Ceswas 2.1±0.7 0.65±0.39 (MAC) 0.47±0.33 (MAC)
Pbaseline (dB) 8.6±2.6 8.1±4.4 6.5±5.9
Gradient (degrees) 83.4±7.5 87.7±2.9 87.8±6.4