Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of PCOS patients and controls used for the array-based and the pyrosequencing analysis. The pyrosequencing analysis includes all samples used for the genome-wide study, extra samples for each group and an extra group comprising women suffering from PCOS, but with regular cycles. Group comparisons were performed using a two-tailed, unpaired t-test. Values are mean, ± standard error of means (SEM). N: number of patients, GnRHA: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist, hCG: Human chorionic gonadotrophin, BMI: Body Mass Index, LH: Luteinizing Hormone, FSH: Follicle-Stimulating Hormone, Hep B, C: Hepatitis B, C, HIV: Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Number of * indicate level of significance.
| EPIC array cohort | Pyrosequencing cohort | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCOS | Controls | P-value | PCOS | Controls | PCOSreg | P-value | |
| Menstrual cycle | Irregular | Regular | Irregular | Regular | |||
| Ovarian morphology | PCO | Normal | PCO | Normal | PCO | ||
| Mean age [y) | 30.19 ± 0.8, N=16 | 34.75 ± 0.9, N=16 | 0.0009*** | 30.2 ± 0.6, N=26 | 35.1 ± 0.6, N=43 | 32.9 ± 1.1, N=10 | 0.0001**** |
| Mean BMI (kg/m2) | 24.89 ± 0.8, N=16 | 24.38 ± 0.5, N=16 | 0.593 | 24.5 ± 0.6, N=26 | 24.4 ± 0.4, N=43 | 23.6 ± 1.1, N=10 | 0.714 |
| Protocol | Antagonist | Long agonist. Antagonist | Antagonist | Long agonist, Antagonist | Antagonist | ||
| Gonadotropin used | FSH (Gonal-f) | FSH (Gonal-f) | FSH (Gonal-f) | FSH (Gonal-f) | FSH (Gonal-f) | ||
| Maturation trigger | GnRHA, Kisspeptin | hCG | GnRHA, Kisspeptin | hCG | GnRHA, Kisspeptin | ||
| No. of antral follicles | 36 ± 3.4, N=16 | 14 ± 1.4, N=16 | <0.0001**** | 38.6 ± 2.9, N=26 | 12.2 ± 0.9, N=43 | 28.4 ± 2.1, N=10 | 0.0001**** |
| Baseline FSH (mlU/mL) | 5.2 ± 0.8, N=15 | 6.3 ± 0.6, N=12 | 0.2645 | 5.3 ± 0.5, N=24 | 6.5 ± 0.5, N=30 | 4.4 ± 0.7, N=9 | 0.0555 |
| Baseline LH (mlU/mL) | 5.3 ± 0.9, N=15 | 4.3 ± 0.4, N=10 | 0.4101 | 6.8 ± 0.9, N=23 | 5 ± 0.43 N=28 | 5.1 ± 0.9, N=9 | 0.1114 |
| Days of stimulation | 11.4 ± 0.8, N=16 | 11.1 ± 0.5, N=16 | 0.7815 | 11.1 ± 0.5, N=26 | 11.1 ± 0.3, N=43 | 11.3 ± 1.3, N=10 | 0.9674 |
| Cumulative FSH dose (iu) | 1578 ± 198, N=16 | 2986 ± 296, N=16 | 0.0004*** | 1466.3 ± 132, N=26 | 3087.2 ± 183, N=43 | 1551.5 ± 121.4, N=10 | 0.0001**** |
| No. of follicles >14mm | 15 ± 1.2, N=16 | 8 ± 0.7, N=16 | <0.0001**** | 15 ± 1.5, N=26 | 7.6 ± 0.6, N=43 | 9.8 ± 1.9, N=10 | <0.0001**** |
| No. of eggs collected | 20 ± 3.3, N=16 | 12 ± 1.3, N=16 | 0.0263* | 18.8 ± 2.3, N=26 | 10 ± 0.8, N=43 | 15.2 ± 2.8, N=10 | 0.0002*** |
| Smokers | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | ||
| Alcohol drinking | 1 | 4 | 2 | 6 | 0 | ||
| Hep B,C, HIV+ve | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Family history | No | No | No | No | No | ||
| Medical history | No | Migraines (1), asthma (1), epilepsy (1), hypothyroidism (1), Raynaud’s syndrome (1) | No | Migraines (2), asthma (1), epilepsy (1), hypothyroidism (1), Raynaud’s syndrome (1) | No | ||