Table 3.

Neurodegenerative process with evidence for toxic RNA species. RAN: Repeat-associated non-ATG translation.

	Antisense transcription	Toxic RNA	RAN	Expansion in non-coding region
DM1			Yes (Zu et al., 2011)	Yes (Brook et al., 1992)
DM2				Yes (Ranum et al., 1998)
FXTAS	Yes (Ladd et al., 2007)			Yes (Verkerk et al., 1991)
HD		Yes (Banez-Coronel et al., 2012)
HDL2	Yes (Wilburn et al., 2011)		Yes (Zu et al., 2011)	Possibly (Margolis et al., 2001)
SCA3		Yes (Li et al., 2008)	Yes (Zu et al., 2011)
SCA7	Yes (Sopher et al., 2011)
SCA8		Yes (Mutsuddi et al., 2004)	Yes (Zu et al., 2011)
SCA10				Yes (White et al., 2012)
SCA12				Yes (Holmes et al., 1999)