Table 2.

Glycan histo-blood groups (BGs) and selected disease associations.

BG	Type	Disease susceptibility	Reference
ABO	O	H. pylori infection	[63]
		E. coli O157 infection and death	[67]
		Peptic ulcer	[68]
	A	S. mansoni infection & disease severity	[69]
		Gastric cancer	[68]
		Overall cancer	[70]
	B	Salmonellosis	[71]
		E. Coli infection	[71]
	Non-O	Severe malaria Exocrine pancreatic cancer Cardiovascular disease	[72] [73] [74]
LE	Inactive	Urinary tract infections Invasive ductal breast carcinoma Childhood asthma	[75] [76] [77]
Se	Inactive (non-Se)	S. pneumonia infection N. meningitidis infection H. influenza infection Urinary tract infections Gram-negative sepsis in premature infants Necrotizing enterocolitis in premature infants Gastric disease Crohn's disease Primary sclerosing cholangitis Chronic pancreatitis Type 1 diabetes Breast axillary lymph nodes metastasis	[78] [78] [79] [75] [80] [80] [81] [22], [82] [82] [21] [83] [76]
	Active (Se)	Norovirus infection Rotavirus infection Influenza virus A & B infection Rhinovirus infection Respiratory syncytial virus infection Echovirus infection HIV infection and disease progression	[84], [85], [86], [87] [88] [89] [89] [89] [89] [90]