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. 2018 Apr 11;14(3):79–88. doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1637752

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Fig. 3 — Laboratory diagnosis of RSV infection using NPA. When NPA is not available nasal swabs can be used but the chances of viral antigen or nucleic acid detection in the nasal swab is low when compared with that in the NPA. ( a ) Immunofluorescence assay has been used in many diagnostic laboratories to detect RSV antigen. ( b ) Real-time PCR has been used in well-equipped laboratories to detect RSV nucleic acid and is the gold standard test. However, other types of PCRs have also been used to detect RSV nucleic acid depending on the availability. ( c ) Sequencing is done to understand the local, regional, and global epidemiology of different RSV types. PCR, polymerase chain reaction; NPA, nasopharyngeal aspirate; RSV, respiratory syncytial virus.