Fig. 3.

Cytokine response in serum and lungs of pigs intranasally vaccinated with Nano-KAg vaccine. Serum samples collected at indicated PCs were analyzed for cytokines, (a) IFN-γ and (b) TGF-β by ELISA. Lung homogenates prepared on the day of necropsy (PC 15) were analyzed for: (c) IFN-γ; (d) IL-6; (e) IL-10; (f) TGF-β; and (g) IL-4 by ELISA. Each bar or data point in the graph represents geometric mean cytokine amount from three pigs ± SEM. Alphabet ‘a’, ‘b’ and ‘c’ represents the statistical significant difference (p < 0.05) between unvaccinated vs K-Ag, unvaccinated vs Nano-KAg, and K-Ag Vs Nano-KAg pigs, respectively.