Fig. 4.

Analysis of PRRSV specific recall cytokine response. Indicated mononuclear cells were restimulated and the harvested culture supernatant was analyzed for cytokines by ELISA: (a–d) IFN-γ; (e–h) IL-12; (i and j) IL-6; and (k and l) TGF-β. Cytokines secreted by immune cells cultured in the absence of PRRSV antigens was subtracted from the test values. Each bar in the graph represents geometric mean cytokine amount from three pigs ± SEM. Alphabet ‘a’, ‘b’ and ‘c’ represents the statistical significant difference (p < 0.05) between unvaccinated vs K-Ag, unvaccinated vs Nano-KAg, and K-Ag vs Nano-KAg pigs, respectively.