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. 2015 Oct 30;182:57–63. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.10.022

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Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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Fig. 4 — Localization of porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) antigens by immunofluorescence (IF) staining and apoptotic cells by a TUNEL assay in the swine testicular (ST) cells inoculated with the cell-adapted PDCoV strain OH-FD22 (virus passage number, 44), as supplemented with 1% pancreatin in cell culture medium. (A) IF staining of the inoculated ST cells at PID 1, showing that the cells positive for PDCoV antigen (green staining) exhibit no cytopathic effect (CPE). (B) Double TUNEL staining of Panel A, showing that the cells positive for PDCoV antigen but negative for CPE are TUNEL-negative. (C) Overlay of Panels A and B, confirming that the cells positive for PDCoV antigen but negative for CPE are TUNEL-negative. Original magnification, all ×600. TUNEL, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labelling. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)