Figure 4. . Transfer of exosomal miRNA from donor cell to recipient cells.

(A) miRNAs are sorted to exosome during MVB formation. (B) Exosomes are released into the extracellular space. (C) Exosomal miRNAs can be delivered to recipient cells by endocytosis. (D) Fusion of the exosomes with the plasma membrane using soluble N-ethylmaleimide sensitive fusion into cells primarily uses receptor-mediated endocytosis. (E) Exosomes may also bind to a receptor and activate specific signaling pathways.

MVB: Multivesicular body.