Table 1. Characteristics of RCTs included in this meta-analysis.

C: Control group, I: Intervention group, ICU: Intensive Care Unit, IMS: Incidence of an intermediate syndrome, IQR: Inter-quartile range, M: Mortality, n: Sample size, PAM: Pralidoxime SD: Standard deviation, V: Requirement of ventilator support. RCTs: Randomized controlled trials.

Study	Country	Patients (n)	Males (%)	Age (mean ± SD)	Intervention (I) and comparison (C)	Outcomes (I/C)	Disposition
Cherian et al. [16]	India	110 I: 55, C: 55	I: 41 (75), C: 34 (62)	I: 28 ±10.1, C: 26.5 ± 10.3	I: PAM infusion of 12 grams over 3 days C: Normal saline infusion for 3 days	M: 16/3, V: 37/22, IMS: 36/19	ICU only
Cherian et al. [14]	India	21, I:10, C: 11	NA	NA	I: PAM infusion of 12 g/day for 3 days in severe cases and 4 g/day for 3 days in moderate cases C: Normal saline infusion	M: 1/1, V: 7/4,	ICU only
Eddleston et al. [17]	Sri Lanka	235, I: 121, C: 114	I: 96 (79.3), C: 92 (80.7)	I: 31 ± 4.3, C: 29.5 ± 3.2	I: 2g loading dose over 20 min, then a constant infusion of 0.5g/h until 7 days, atropine had not been required for 12-24 h or death C: Normal saline infusion	M: 30/18, V: 26/24,	ICU and general wards
Banerjee et al. [18]	India	60, I: 30, C: 30	I: 14 (47), C: 11 (37)	I: 34.6 ± 9.8, C: 34.3 ± 8.8	I: PAM in a dose of 0.5-1 g 6 hourly, C: Atropine only	M: 2/1, V: 6/2	ICU and general wards
Banerjee et al. [19]	India	120, I: 60, C: 60	I: 23 (38), C: 26 (43)	I: 34.6 ± 9.8, C: 34.3 ± 8.8	I: PAM in a dose of 1 g every 6 hours for a period of 5 days, C: Atropine alone	M: 11/8, V: 3/5	ICU and general wards
Syed et al. [20]	India	100, I: 50, C: 50	I: 19 (38), C: 20 (40)	I: 29.1 ± 10.9, C: 28.2 ± 9.9	I: PAM at 30 mg/kg loading dose over 30 min followed by 8 mg/kg/h continuous infusion for a maximum of 7 days, C: Normal saline	I: 13/14, V: 31/29, IMS: 10/9	ICU only