Table 3.
Probability of disability benefit by covariates over time
| Females | N | Model 1 | Model 2 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Explanatory variable | HR | 95% CI | HR | 95% CI | |
| No findings or lifestyle issues only | 711 | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. |
| Some symptoms | 5101 | 2.27 | [0.55–9.43] | 1.95 | [0.47–8.09] |
| Health risk | 3021 | 4.33 | [1.05–17.93] | 3.06 | [0.74–12.64] |
| Work disability risk, 1 risk factor | 2560 | 8.48 | [2.08–34.63] | 5.95 | [1.46–24.32] |
| Work disability risk, 2 risk factors | 969 | 25.87 | [6.35–105.44] | 14.98 | [3.68–61.00] |
| Work disability risk, 3 and more risk factors | 571 | 36.23 | [8.85–148.37] | 17.34 | [4.19–71.75] |
| Age ≤ 30 | 1343 | 1.00 | Ref. | ||
| Age > 30 and ≤ 40 | 2750 | 2.46 | [0.83–7.25] | ||
| Age > 40 and ≤ 50 | 3578 | 3.94 | [1.39–11.09] | ||
| Age > 50 and ≤ 60 | 4102 | 12.92 | [4.75–35.16] | ||
| Age > 60 | 1160 | 3.76 | [1.24–11.41] | ||
| Occupational group: professional and manager | 1456 | 1.00 | Ref. | ||
| Occupational group: clerical | 7452 | 2.53 | [1.18–5.44] | ||
| Occupational group: blue-collar | 4025 | 3.64 | [1.68–7.89] | ||
| Sick leave days before questionnaire | 1.009 | [1.006–1.012] | |||
| Males | N | Model 1 | Model 2 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Explanatory variable | HR | 95% CI | HR | 95% CI | |
| No findings or lifestyle issues only | 1040 | 1.00 | Ref. | 1.00 | Ref. |
| Some symptoms | 3702 | 1.22 | [0.35–4.27] | 0.89 | [0.25–3.18] |
| Health risk | 2478 | 3.19 | [0.96–10.64] | 1.96 | [0.59–6.50] |
| Work disability risk, 1 risk factor | 1260 | 8.22 | [2.51–26.89] | 3.84 | [1.17–12.57] |
| Work disability risk, 2 risk factors | 410 | 26.79 | [8.20–87.52] | 10.86 | [3.34–35.29] |
| Work disability risk, 3 and more risk factors | 200 | 47.75 | [14.42–158.11] | 18.17 | [5.43–60.81] |
| Age ≤ 30 | 947 | 1.00 | Ref. | ||
| Age > 30 and ≤ 40 | 2310 | 2.19 | [0.25–18.94] | ||
| Age > 40 and ≤ 50 | 2426 | 6.62 | [0.87–50.14] | ||
| Age > 50 and ≤ 60 | 2554 | 26.43 | [3.62–192.75] | ||
| Age > 60 | 853 | 11.93 | [1.53–93.17] | ||
| Occupational group: professional and manager | 1688 | 1.00 | Ref. | ||
| Occupational group: clerical | 4620 | 1.36 | [0.68–2.72] | ||
| Occupational group: blue-collar | 2782 | 2.41 | [1.19–4.90] | ||
| Sick leave days before questionnaire | 1.011 | [1.008–1.014] | |||
Bold values denote statistical significance at the p < 0.05 level
Subdistribution hazard ratios obtained from the Fine–Gray model describe the relative effect of covariates on the subdistribution hazard function. Covariates in this model can be interpreted as having an effect on the cumulative incidence function of disability benefits occurring over follow-up. Model 1 includes the health risk appraisal risk classes only. Fully adjusted Model 2 includes age, occupational group and prior sick leave days as covariates