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. 2019 Oct 4;33(2):383–386. doi: 10.1007/s40620-019-00653-8

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

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Fig. 1 — a Representative western blot of urinary extracellular vesicle (uEV) preparations, obtained from small volume urine samples from healthy volunteers (HV) and patients with genetically confirmed Gitelman Syndrome (GS), for the thiazide sensitive sodium-chloride cotransporter (NCC). Expected size is ~ 111 kDa (indicated by the black arrow). Molecular size markers (in kDa) are shown in the right hand lane. uEVs were extracted from 1 to 2 mL urine samples, previously stored at − 80 °C, by precipitation. b Scatter graph showing densitometry results from Western blot for the thiazide sensitive sodium-chloride cotransporter (NCC) in urinary extracellular vesicles (uEVs) obtained from small volume urine samples from healthy volunteers, patients with confirmed Gitelman Syndrome (GS) based on genetic testing, and patients clinically suspected to have GS for which only one known mutation of SLC12A3 could be identified (GS 1 allele). Densitometry readings for NCC were normalised to the amount of protein loaded (in µg). uEV NCC content was significantly lower in GS patients compared to healthy volunteers (P = 0.001)