Table 5. Known-groups validity of the TOMH well-being 24 (Survey 1, N=964).
| Descriptive statistics | Estimated means (Adjusted by Ryff’s 6 factors of PWB) | |||||||||||||||||
| Psychological distress (K6) | Light (<5, N=348) |
Subthreshold (≥5, N=460) |
Severe (≥13, N=156) |
Light | Subthreshold | Severe |
p for ANCOVA |
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| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SE | Mean | SE | Mean | SE | |||||||
| F1 Role-oriented future prospects | 3.53 | 1.1 | 3.07 | 0.9 | 2.41 | 1.2 | 3.10 | 0.05 | 3.18 | 0.04 | 3.06 | 0.07 | 0.174 | |||||
| F2 Autonomy | 3.63 | 1.0 | 3.18 | 0.9 | 2.51 | 1.2 | 3.25 | 0.04 | 3.26 | 0.03 | 3.13 | 0.06 | 0.127 | |||||
| F3 Role-oriented positive perception | 3.78 | 1.2 | 3.25 | 1.1 | 2.48 | 1.3 | 3.34 | 0.05 | 3.36 | 0.04 | 3.12 | 0.08 | 0.033 | |||||
| F4 Personal growth and development | 3.88 | 1.0 | 3.38 | 0.9 | 2.87 | 1.2 | 3.47 | 0.04 | 3.49 | 0.03 | 3.46 | 0.06 | 0.855 | |||||
| F5 Negative schema | 4.00 | 1.0 | 3.30 | 0.9 | 2.57 | 1.1 | 3.54 | 0.04 | 3.41 | 0.03 | 3.27 | 0.06 | 0.003 | |||||
| F6 Occupational self-esteem | 3.59 | 1.1 | 3.14 | 1.0 | 2.28 | 1.3 | 3.10 | 0.05 | 3.24 | 0.04 | 3.07 | 0.07 | 0.007 | |||||
| F7 Reationship | 3.76 | 0.9 | 3.18 | 0.9 | 2.62 | 1.2 | 3.38 | 0.04 | 3.27 | 0.03 | 3.20 | 0.07 | 0.097 | |||||
| F8 Meaningful work | 3.80 | 1.1 | 3.36 | 0.9 | 2.64 | 1.4 | 3.38 | 0.05 | 3.47 | 0.04 | 3.26 | 0.07 | 0.025 | |||||
| Job strain (BJSQ) | Low strain (N=251) |
Passive (N=212) |
Active (N=233) |
High strain (N=268) |
Low strain | Passive | Active | High strain |
p for ANCOVA |
|||||||||
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SE | Mean | SE | Mean | SE | Mean | SE | |||
| F1 Role-oriented future prospects | 3.32 | 1.1 | 2.72 | 0.9 | 3.60 | 1.0 | 2.87 | 1.2 | 3.10 | 0.05 | 3.00 | 0.05 | 3.34 | 0.05 | 3.08 | 0.05 | <0.001 | |
| F2 Autonomy | 3.53 | 0.9 | 2.87 | 0.9 | 3.67 | 1.0 | 2.87 | 1.1 | 3.27 | 0.04 | 3.14 | 0.05 | 3.42 | 0.04 | 3.12 | 0.04 | <0.001 | |
| F3 Role-oriented positive perception | 3.52 | 1.2 | 2.81 | 1.0 | 3.93 | 1.1 | 2.99 | 1.3 | 3.29 | 0.06 | 3.09 | 0.06 | 3.68 | 0.06 | 3.20 | 0.06 | <0.001 | |
| F4 Personal growth and development | 3.62 | 1.1 | 3.02 | 0.9 | 3.93 | 1.0 | 3.30 | 1.1 | 3.41 | 0.05 | 3.33 | 0.05 | 3.67 | 0.05 | 3.48 | 0.05 | <0.001 | |
| F5 Negative schema | 3.73 | 1.0 | 3.09 | 0.9 | 3.80 | 1.1 | 3.11 | 1.1 | 3.45 | 0.05 | 3.41 | 0.05 | 3.51 | 0.05 | 3.37 | 0.04 | 0.162 | |
| F6 Occupational self-esteem | 3.35 | 1.1 | 2.81 | 1.0 | 3.65 | 1.1 | 2.84 | 1.2 | 3.06 | 0.05 | 3.10 | 0.05 | 3.38 | 0.05 | 3.12 | 0.05 | <0.001 | |
| F7 Reationship | 3.56 | 0.9 | 2.97 | 0.9 | 3.65 | 1.1 | 3.01 | 1.1 | 3.35 | 0.05 | 3.23 | 0.05 | 3.45 | 0.05 | 3.18 | 0.05 | <0.001 | |
| F8 Meaningful work | 3.56 | 1.0 | 2.88 | 1.0 | 3.87 | 1.1 | 3.27 | 1.2 | 3.34 | 0.05 | 3.18 | 0.06 | 3.62 | 0.05 | 3.45 | 0.05 | <0.001 | |
| Social support by supervisor and colleagues (BJSQ) | Low support (N=419) |
High support (N=545) |
Low | High |
p for ANCOVA |
|||||||||||||
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SE | Mean | SE | |||||||||||
| F1 Role-oriented future prospects | 2.80 | 1.1 | 3.39 | 1.1 | 3.02 | 0.04 | 3.21 | 0.03 | <0.001 | |||||||||
| F2 Autonomy | 2.98 | 1.0 | 3.43 | 1.0 | 3.14 | 0.03 | 3.31 | 0.03 | <0.001 | |||||||||
| F3 Role-oriented positive perception | 2.89 | 1.2 | 3.64 | 1.1 | 3.12 | 0.05 | 3.46 | 0.04 | <0.001 | |||||||||
| F4 Personal growth and development | 3.16 | 1.0 | 3.72 | 1.0 | 3.40 | 0.04 | 3.54 | 0.03 | 0.006 | |||||||||
| F5 Negative schema | 3.13 | 1.0 | 3.67 | 1.1 | 3.39 | 0.04 | 3.47 | 0.03 | 0.099 | |||||||||
| F6 Occupational self-esteem | 2.85 | 1.1 | 3.40 | 1.1 | 3.09 | 0.04 | 3.22 | 0.03 | 0.012 | |||||||||
| F7 Reationship | 2.84 | 0.9 | 3.65 | 1.0 | 3.08 | 0.04 | 3.47 | 0.03 | <0.001 | |||||||||
| F8 Meaningful work | 3.03 | 1.1 | 3.69 | 1.0 | 3.27 | 0.04 | 3.50 | 0.04 | <0.001 | |||||||||
TOMH: The University of Tokyo Occupational Mental Health; PWB: psychological well-being; BJSQ: the brief job stress questionnaire; SD: standard deviation; SE: standard error; ANCOVA: analysis of covarience.