Table 7.
Metabolites of naringin (G) and naringein (S) in liver and kidney microsomes of rats and humans.
| No. | Metabolism | Name | Retention time (min) |
[M-H]- (Error, ppm) |
Main fragment ions (m/z) | Identified by standard |
Rat microsomes | Human liver microsomes |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Liver | Kidney | ||||||||||
| G | S | G/S | G | S | |||||||
| M1 | [M1] | Naringin | 19.19 | 579.1699 (−2.6) | 459, 271, 151 | √ | + | + | + | ||
| M2 | [M2] | Naringenin | 24.52 | 271.0581 (−9.2) | 177, 151, 119 | √ | + | + | + | + | + |
| M3 | [M1-2H] | Rhoifolin | 21.15 | 577.1561 (0.7) | 475, 273, 167 | √ | + | + | |||
| M4 | [M1+O] | Neoeriocitrin | 16.62 | 595.1653 (−1.7) | 459, 287, 151 | √ | + | + | |||
| M5 | [M1+O+CH3] | Hesperidin | 20.50 | 609.1791 (−4.6) | 459, 271, 151 | √ | + | ||||
| M6 | [M2-2H] | Apigenin | 28.16 | 269.0468 (6.7) | 225, 151, 117 | √ | + | + | |||
| M7 | [M2+O] | Eriodictyol | 20.87 | 287.0561 (1.4) | 151, 135, 107 | √ | + | + | |||
| M8 | [M2+O+CH3] | Hesperetin | 25.09 | 301.0736 (8.0) | 271, 177, 151, 119 | √ | + | ||||
| M9 | [M2+Glc] | Naringenin-O-glucoside | 16.72 | 433.1175 (9.2) | 271, 165, 151 | + | |||||
| M10 | [M2+Glc] | Naringenin-O-glucoside | 17.67 | 433.1157 (5.1) | 271, 165, 151 | + | + | ||||
| M11 | [M2+GlcuA] | Naringenin-O-glucuronide | 13.54 | 447.0897 (−6.7) | 271, 151, | + | + | ||||
| M12 | [M2+GlcuA] | Naringenin-O-glucuronide | 14.05 | 447.0891 (−5.8) | 271, 151 | + | + | ||||
| M13 | Bond fission of M2 | 5,7-Dihydroxychromone | 12.60 | 177.0168 (−5.6) | 133, 109 | √ | + | + | |||