Table 8.
The cumulative excretion percentage of naringin and naringenin in human excreta (n=8 per groups, mean ± SD).
Dose (mg) | In urine (% of dose) | In feces (% of dose) | In urine and feces (% of dose) |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Naringin | Naringenin | Total | Naringin | Naringenin | Total | ||
40 | 0.067 ± 0.039 | 6.69 ± 6.20 | 6.77 ± 6.20 | 0.122 ± 0.202 | 0.259 ± 0.734 | 0.305 ± 0.857 | 7.08 ± 7.06 |
80 | 0.037 ± 0.013 | 8.82 ± 5.46 | 8.87 ± 5.46 | 0.023 ± 0.036 | 0.034 ± 0.080 | 0.048 ± 0.109 | 8.92 ± 5.57 |
160 | 0.027 ± 0.014 | 9.67 ± 6.07 | 9.70 ± 6.08 | 0.016 ± 0.023 | 0.053 ± 0.150 | 0.092 ± 0.196 | 9.79 ± 6.28 |
160 (high-fat diet) | 0.025 ± 0.008 | 9.50 ± 5.00 | 9.53 ± 5.00 | 9.85 ± 20.0 | 1.23 ± 2.54 | 10.7 ± 22.3 | 20.2 ± 27.3 |
320 | 0.033 ± 0.026 | 15.7 ± 8.73 | 15.7 ± 8.73 | 0.126 ± 0.325 | 0.592 ± 1.41 | 0.717 ± 1.74 | 16.4 ± 10.5 |
480 | 0.012 ± 0.004 | 10.4 ± 8.43 | 10.4 ± 8.43 | 0.023 ± 0.033 | 0.799 ± 1.92 | 0.821 ± 1.95 | 11.2 ± 10.4 |
160, three times a day | 0.034 ± 0.014 | 28.3 ± 43.2 | 28.4 ± 43.2 | 0.563 ± 1.00 | 1.83 ± 2.32 | 2.36 ± 3.07 | 30.7 ± 46.2 |