Figure 2. Distribution of Alternative Payment Models (APMs) by Model Type Across 2061 Physician Practices Responding to the National Survey of Healthcare Organizations and Systems Physician Practices.

Alternative payment models included (1) bundled or episode-based payments; (2) comprehensive primary care (CPC), CPC Plus (CPC+), and patient-centered medical home (PCMH); (3) pay-for-performance programs; (4) capitated contracts with commercial health plans; and (5) accountable care organizations (ACOs) (Medicare, Medicaid, and commercial). Proportions were adjusted for sampling weights. Because the outcome variable measures the number of APMs each practice reported participating in, the only bar that adds up to 100% is the one identifying practices that reported participating in a single APM. When considering the other bars identifying physician practices reporting participation in multiple APMs, the proportions are overlapping and not mutually exclusive; therefore, the sum of proportions in each of these bars exceeds 100%. For example, among physician practices reporting participation in 2 APMs (representing any combination of all 5 selected APMs, 10.6% participate in bundled or episode-based payments (the least common model), 51.5% participate in ACO models, and 61.4% participate in pay-for-performance programs (the 2 most common models). A similar description could be made for physician practices reporting participation in 3, 4, or 5 APMs.