Table 2.
Daily compliance by clinical variable.
| Characteristics | Participants, n | Overall compliancea, median (IQR) | P value | Compliance durationc, median (IQR) | P value | |
| All subjects | 116 | 66.6 (33.8-91.1) | N/Ab | 78.8 (51.5-94.9) | N/A | |
| Sex | .10 |
|
.03 | |||
|
|
Male | 91 | 71.6 (35.5-93.3) |
|
82.7 (56.7-95.6) |
|
|
|
Female | 25 | 53.3 (31.9-79.1) |
|
74.4 (42.1-85.2) |
|
| Age (years) | .79 |
|
.88 | |||
|
|
<65 | 44 | 63.8 (34.8-90.5) |
|
78.1 (45.1-95.5) |
|
|
|
≥65 | 72 | 67.5 (33.8-91.9) |
|
79.4 (56.7-92.7) |
|
| BMI (kg/m2 ) | .02 |
|
.01 | |||
|
|
25-26.9 | 40 | 78.6 (42.2-95.4) |
|
80 (59.8-95.4) |
|
|
|
27-29.9 | 50 | 72.2 (42.9-92.2) |
|
85.7 (64.7-96.3) |
|
|
|
≥30 | 26 | 40.5 (11.2-75.5) |
|
54.5 (32.0-85.6) |
|
| Smoking status | .03 |
|
.02 | |||
|
|
Active smoker | 16 | 40.5 (7.9 -72.6) |
|
54 (30.4-84.6) |
|
|
|
Former smoker | 100 | 71.6 (40.0-91.9) |
|
81.6 (56.7-95.0) |
|
| Number of comorbidities | .88 |
|
.37 | |||
|
|
<3 | 58 | 64.1 (40.6-89.7) |
|
75.3 (53.8-93.1) |
|
|
|
≥3 | 58 | 72.2 (31.1-92.3) |
|
84.2 (45.3-95.8) |
|
| Chronic bronchitis | .57 |
|
.21 | |||
|
|
Presence | 61 | 64.4 (32.2-89.4) |
|
77.9 (44.9-92.0) |
|
|
|
Absence | 55 | 68.3 (39.4-95.0) |
|
85.5 (60.5-96.2) |
|
| History of asthma | .86 |
|
.66 | |||
|
|
Presence | 12 | 59.1 (35.9-89.8) |
|
70.2 (55.0-90.1) |
|
|
|
Absence | 104 | 67.5 (33.8-91.1) |
|
80 (50.9-94.9) |
|
| Chronic colonization | .57 |
|
.21 | |||
|
|
Presence | 61 | 64.4 (32.2-89.4) |
|
77.9 (44.9-92.0) |
|
|
|
Absence | 55 | 68.3 (39.4-95.0) |
|
85.5 (60.5-96.2) |
|
| Dyspnea (mMRCd) | .08 |
|
.04 | |||
|
|
0-1 | 27 | 80.5 (45-98.8) |
|
87.9 (61.3-100) |
|
|
|
≥2 | 89 | 63.8 (32.2-90.5) |
|
75.6 (47.1-91.9) |
|
| CATequestionnaire | .76 |
|
.97 | |||
|
|
<10 | 31 | 61.6 (41.6-92.7) |
|
76.5 (50-96.7) |
|
|
|
≥10 | 84 | 70 (33.3-90.5) |
|
80.5 (54.5-92.6) |
|
| Anxiety | .13 |
|
.34 | |||
|
|
Presence | 21 | 88.3(47.5-93.6) |
|
88.3 (52.3-94.3) |
|
|
|
Absence | 95 | 63.8 (33.3-90.5) |
|
75.7 (51.3-94.9) |
|
| Depression | .008 |
|
.01 | |||
|
|
Presence | 7 | 12.2 (3.3-53.3) |
|
32.1 (9.2 -87.2) |
|
|
|
Absence | 109 | 71.6 (39.7-91.6) |
|
80.5 (56.6-95.0) |
|
| Post-BD FEV1 (%)f | .78 |
|
.65 | |||
|
|
≥50 | 37 | 71.6 (36.6-88.8) |
|
81.6 (46.5-91.8) |
|
|
|
<50 | 79 | 64.4 (33.3-92.2) |
|
77.9 (53.8-95.1) |
|
| Number of moderate/severe exacerbationsg in the last year | .30 |
|
.74 | |||
|
|
<2 | 11 | 51.6 (7.2- 86.6) |
|
80.6 (61.1-94.2) |
|
|
|
≥2 | 105 | 68.3 (37.5-91.1) |
|
78.8 (50.6-94.9) |
|
| Drug treatment for COPDh | .42 |
|
.64 | |||
|
|
No triple therapy | 49 | 71.6 (47.2-90.0) |
|
78.8 (55.0-90.9) |
|
|
|
Triple therapyi | 67 | 66.6 (25.5-92.2) |
|
80.2 (45.0-95.1) |
|
| Long-term oxygen therapy | .21 |
|
.10 | |||
|
|
Treated | 36 | 80.5 (33.1-95.0) |
|
87.1 (71.5-95.0) |
|
|
|
Not treated | 80 | 63.3 (33.8-90.2) |
|
73.6 (45.8-92.3) |
|
| Satisfaction score | .10 |
|
.20 | |||
|
|
<10 | 50 | 63.8 (32.5-90.5) |
|
73.6 (47.5-90.8) |
|
|
|
≥10 | 54 | 78.6 (44.0-93.7) |
|
85.6 (55.4-96.2) |
|
aCompliance is expressed as median percentage (number of days completed/total number of days available for completion). Overall compliance: percentage of days in the entire study period (180 days) in which the app was used daily.
bNot applicable.
cCompliance duration: days elapsed from first daily entry to last, as the percentage of days available.
dmMRC: modified Medical Research Council.
eCAT: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Assessment Test.
fPost-BD FEV1 %: postbronchodilator FEV1 percent predicted.
gSevere exacerbations refer to exacerbations requiring hospitalization; moderate exacerbations refer to exacerbations requiring outpatient management with antibiotics and/or corticosteroids systemic.
hCOPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
iTriple therapy: long-acting beta-2 agonists + long-acting antimuscarinic agents + inhaled corticosteroids.