Table 1.
Summary statistics 2008–2014
| Variables | Definition | 2008 n = 6801 |
2010 n = 7831 |
2012 n = 7818 | 2014 n = 6323 |
All years n = 10,925 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outcome Variable | ||||||
| CES-D | Centre for Epidemiological Depression Scale ranging from 0 to 30; higher values indicate better mental health | 18.99 (4.39) | 20.07 (4.00) | 20.12 (4.28) | 20.36 (4.04) | 19.90 (4.21) |
| Main Explanatory Variable | ||||||
| Household CSG | 1 if individual lives in a CSG- receiving household, 0 otherwise | 0.65 | 0.76 | 0.80 | 0.83 | 0.76 |
| Instrumental variable | ||||||
| Household with CSG eligible child | 1 if a child eligible for the CSG lives in the household, 0 otherwise (including no children) | 0.83 | 0.87 | 0.90 | 0.89 | 0.87 |
| Covariates | ||||||
| Male | 0 if female, 1 if male | 0.32 | 0.34 | 0.32 | 0.29 | 0.32 |
| Age | The age of the individual in years | 37.58 (17.64) | 37.86 (18.18) | 38.61 (18.00) | 40.96 (17.69) | 38.68 (17.94) |
| Age under 19 | 1 if the individual is < 19 years of age, 0 otherwise | 0.17 | 0.16 | 0.13 | 0.05 | 0.13 |
| Econ. decision maker | 1 if the individual is the economic decision maker of the household, 0 otherwise | 0.39 | 0.39 | 0.41 | 0.46 | 0.41 |
| Size of the household | The number of household members | 5.91 (3.17) | 6.62 (3.82) | 6.60 (3.79) | 6.55 (3.53) | 6.43 (3.61) |
| Death in household | 1 if a household member has died in the past 2 years, 0 otherwise | 0.18 | 0.16 | 0.14 | 0.12 | 0.15 |
| Household OAG | 1 if individual lives in an Old Age Pension -receiving household, 0 otherwise | 0.32 | 0.41 | 0.39 | 0.41 | 0.38 |
| Household DG | 1 if individual lives in a DG-receiving household, 0 otherwise | 0.15 | 0.10 | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.12 |
| Household FCG | 1 if individual lives in a FCG-receiving household, 0 otherwise | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.05 |
| Household CDG | 1 if individual lives in a CDG-receiving household, 0 otherwise | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.01 |
| Neighbourhood Theft | 0 “never happens in neighbourhood”, 1 “very rare in neighbourhood”, 2 “not common in neighbourhood”, 3 “fairly common in neighbourhood”, 4 “very common in neighbourhood” | 1.88 (1.49) | 1.84 (1.38) | 2.26 (1.43) | 2.21 (1.48) | 2.05 (1.45) |
| Region | The baseline is “Rural formal” | |||||
| Tribal Authority Area | 1 if the individual lives in a tribal authority area, 0 otherwise | 0.53 | 0.54 | 0.56 | 0.55 | 0.54 |
| Urban Formal | 1 if the individual lives in an urban formal area, 0 otherwise | 0.31 | 0.30 | 0.29 | 0.29 | 0.30 |
| Urban Informal (Townships) | 1 if the individual lives in an urban informal area, 0 otherwise | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 |
| Province | The baseline is “Limpopo” | |||||
| Western Cape | 1 if the individual lives in Western Cape, 0 otherwise | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.07 |
| Eastern Cape | 1 if the individual lives in Eastern Cape, 0 otherwise | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.14 |
| Northern Cape | 1 if the individual lives in Northern Cape, 0 otherwise | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.07 |
| Free State | 1 if the individual lives in Free State, 0 otherwise | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.06 |
| KwaZulu-West | 1 if the individual lives in KwaZulu-West, 0 otherwise | 0.33 | 0.34 | 0.35 | 0.38 | 0.35 |
| North West | 1 if the individual lives in North West, 0 otherwise | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.07 |
| Gauteng | 1 if the individual lives in Gauteng, 0 otherwise | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.06 |
| Mpumalanga | 1 if the individual lives in Mpumalanga, 0 otherwise | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 |
Note: Descriptive statistics are on the sample of the estimated models. n indicates the number of individuals. Variable means (standard deviations when applicable)