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. 2005 Mar 1;18(1):29–43. doi: 10.1016/S0891-5520(03)00100-4

Table 3.

Key features of typhoid fever in Thucydides' description

Features present Features not present
Fever Rapid onset
Diarrhea Red eyes
Rash (rose spots) Runny nose, sneezing
Red throat, hoarseness
Foul breath
Retching, convulsions
Sensation of intense internal heat
Livid red rash
Sleeplessness
Extremity gangrene
Blisters, sores
Death from intestinal perforation or hemorrhage in 2 to 3 weeks

Adapted from Page DL. Thucydides' description of the great plague of Athens. Classic Q 1953;3:97–119.