Table 2.
Licensed WNV vaccines in veterinary use
| Vaccine name | Company | Vaccine approach | Design/features | Status | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| West Nile-Innovator® DNA | Fort Dodge Animal Health/Pfizer | DNA | Plasmid DNA encoding WNV prM-E | Licensed (discontinued) | Davis et al. [89] |
| Vetera™ West Nile vaccine | Boehringer Ingelheim | Killed | Whole virus | Commercialized | |
| West Nile-Innovator® | Pfizer | Formalin inactivated | Whole virus | Commercialized | Ng et al. [127] |
| RecombiTek® | Merial | Recombinant vaccine | WNV prM-E in canarypox virus | Commercialized | Karaca et al. (2005) |
| PreveNile® | Intervet | Recombinant vaccine | WNV prM-E in yellow fever vaccine (17D) backbone | Licensed in 2006 (recalled in 2010 after severe reaction) |