Table 4.4.

Examples of application of nanoparticles in gene therapy

Nanoparticle	Application
Poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles with entrapped stem p53 DNA	Inhibition of cellular proliferation in cancers due to sustained expression gene with consequent release of intracellular p53
Intravenous administration of liposomal complexed form with composition of DOTAP: Chol-FUSI for repression of FUSI gene	Inhibition of tumor growth in mouse models with metastatic lung cancer
Cationic gelatin nanoparticles	Nonviral and nontoxic vectors for gene therapy
Calcium phosphate nanoparticles	Nonviral carriers for targeted therapy
Nonionic polymeric micelles composed of poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide)	Gene transfer (gene) in the gastrointestinal tract using oral administration in laboratory animals (mice)
Nanocomposite materials: titanium oxide nanoparticles in combination with DNA oligonucleotides which are activated by light or radiation	Genes encoding antibodies may be transferred to a particular intracellular target and in combination with radiation therapy aimed at killing cancer cells in patients
Combination of gene nanoparticles and surfactants	Gene transfer to the brain through the blood-brain barrier permeation
Integrin-targeted nanoparticles	Targeted delivery of anticancer drugs
DNA nanoparticles (20–25 nm): each DNA molecule covered with positively charged peptides	Crossing nanoparticles by nuclear passages (pores) with millions folds to facilitate gene expression compared to the non-genomic DNA. Used for trans-nasal treating cystic fibrosis
Nanoparticles’ complexes with composition: EGF-PEG-biotin-streptavidin-PE-DNA	It presents great post-vaccine (transfection) effectiveness absence of aggregation of nanoparticles
Dendrimers with composition polyamino(amine) which can hold within DNA	Non-immunological carriers for in vivo gene delivery