Table 8.2.

Questions and corresponding queries in Cypher to a graph of scientific publications

Questions in English	Questions in Cypher
When did a claim (hypothesis, assertion, conjecture, statement) appear for the first time in a body of source information, e.g. the literature? In which paper/source?	match (c:Claim)<-[r:MAKES]-(s:Sentence)<-[i:CONTAINS]-(p:Paper)<-[j:PUBLISHES]-(a:Author) where c.object =~ ′(?i).*CiteSpace.*′ OR c.subject =~′′(?i).*CiteSpace.*′ return min(p.year), max(p.year);
How certain was the assertion?	match (c:Claim)-[r]-(s:Sentence)-[:HEDGES]-(w:HedgeTerm) return w.weight;
How many papers made the same claim subsequently?	match (c:Claim)<-[r:MAKES]-(s:Sentence)<-[i:CONTAINS]-(p:Paper)<-[j:PUBLISHES]-(a:Author) where (c.object =~ ′(?i).*CiteSpace.*′ OR c.subject =~ ′(?i).*CiteSpace.*′) return count(p);
How many papers made claims that contradict a given claim subsequently?	match (p:Paper)-[:CONTAINS]->(s:Sentence)-[:MAKES]->(d:Claim)-[:CONTRADICTS]-(c:Claim) return count(p);
What are the closely related but distinct claims for a given claim?	match (d:Claim)-[r]-(c:Claim) return d;
Given a claim, which reference is most frequently cited along with the claim’s citation context?	match (r:Ref)<-[:CITES]-(s:Sentence)-[:MAKES]->(c:Claim) return r, max(sum(r));
Which references are frequently co-cited in relation to a given claim?	match (s1:Sentence)-[:CITES]->(r1:Ref), (s1:Sentence)-[:CITES]-(r2:Ref), (s1:Sentence)-[:MAKES]->(c:Claim) return r1, r2;
How many dimensions (clusters or eigenvectors or topics) are associated with the citation contexts of a claim?	match (s:Sentence)-[:CITES]->(r:Ref) return s; hierarchical clustering(sentence by word)