Infection type		Isolation type	Personal protective equipment—PPE
1.	All gastroenteritis cases	CA	Gloves	Gown, mask, capa,b
	Clostridium difficile a	C(A)	Gloves	Gown, mask, capa,b
	Salmonella, Shigella, Yersinia, Campylobacter	C(A)	Gloves	Gown, mask, capa,b
	Campylobacter, Cholerae, intestinal-pathogenic E. coli	C(A)	Gloves	Gown, mask, capa,b
	Entero-haemorrhagic E. coli—EHEC	C + A	Gloves	Gown, mask, capa,b
	Virus gastroenteritis (Noro, Rota, sapo, etc.)a,b	C + A	Gloves	Gown, mask, capa,b
2.	Hepatitis A or E	C + B	Gloves	Gownb
3.	Staphylococcus aureus in wounds or eczema	C	Gloves	Gownb
4.	Streptococcus group A in the throat, skin or wounds	C	Gloves	Gownb
5.	Skin and wound infections, moderate secretion	C	Gloves	Gownb
6.	Gram-negative Bacilli with copious secretion from respiratory tract or wounds	C	Gloves	Gownb
7.	Corynebacterium jeikeium, Staphylococcus haemolyticus (only during nosocomial epidemics)	C	Gloves	Gownb
8.	Poliomyelitis	C(A)	Gloves	Gownb
9.	Untreated scab and lice	C	Gloves	Gownb
10.	Other diseases which are transmitted through contact (e.g. tuberculosis in the intestines, urinary tract or in wounds or fistula)	C	Gloves	Gownb
11.	HIV/AIDS uncomplicated and other blood-borne infectious viruses such as HTLV I and II and parvovirus B19	B + C(wound/mucosa)	Gloves	Gownb
12.	Hepatitis, acute (unknown cause)	C + B	Gloves	Gownb
	Hepatitis, chronic (unknown cause)	B	Gloves	Gownb
	Hepatitis A, B, C, D, E, G	B + C	Gloves	Gownb
13.	Malaria falciparum, Brucella, yellow fever	B	Gloves	Gownb
14.	Suspected active pulmonary tuberculosis	A + C	Gloves	Gown,b resp., cap, shoesa
15.	Ornithosis, tularemi	A + C	Gloves	Gownb, resp., cap, goggles/visor
16.	Pneumonia caused by Staphylococcus aureus	A + C	Gloves	Gown,b mask, cap
17.	RSV, influenza and other airborne viruses	A + C	Gloves	Gown,b mask, cap
18.	Varicella-zoster, measles, parotitis, rubella, pertussis	A + C	Gloves	Gown,b resp., cap
19.	Herpes simplex in newborns, in child and maternity wards	A + C	Gloves	Gown,b mask, cap
20.	Systemic infection with: Meningococci, group A Streptococci, Pneumococci; first 24 hours after initial effective treatment	A + C	Gloves	Gown,b mask, cap
21.	Imported patientsc (suspected MRSA or other resistant microbes until test results are negative)c	A + C	Gloves	Gown,b mask, cap
22.	Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus—MRSA (recently or in the last year)	A + C	Gloves	Gown,b mask, cap
23.	Other multiresistant bacteria (penicillin-resistant pneumococci, multiresistant enterococci, some multiresistant, gram-negative bacteria: Acinetobacter, Burkholderia cepacia, ESBL—E. coli mm). Airborne transmission isolation is determined in relation to the infection type and symptomsd	Ad+C	Gloves	Gown,b mask, cap
24.	Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, open cavern and expectoration (first 14 days after initial treatment and on resistance—3 months or more)	SI	Gloves	Microbe impermeable gown,b resp., cap, shoesa
25.	Rare severe diseases (diphtheria, rabies, plague, anthrax, viral haemorrhagic fever, SARS, MERS, avian influenza—See also special guidelines)	SI	Gloves	Microbe impermeable gown,b resp., cap, hood, goggles, shoesa
	Any other contagious and very serious diseases that may be transmitted by contact and air (including droplet)			PPE—Emergency boxe

NB. Contact infection control personnel in case of suspicion or questions

^aRoom-bound shoes are recommended; changed in the sluice, washed in a special shoe-washing machine or use single-use shoe or shoe-leg covers

^bWhen risk of splashing, vomiting, cough, blood splatter and uncontrolled secretion, evaluate the use of cap, mask and visor or goggles, regardless of the type of isolation

^cImported patients from abroad or in other ways may be exposed to resistant microbes

^dAirborne transmission may be dependent on symptoms of the patient and viability of the bacteria in the environment. The choice between use of surgical mask and respirator may depend on microbial agent, transmission rate, severity and symptoms

^ePPE—emergency box; see PPE